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Ghrelin modulates encoding-related brain function without enhancing memory formation in humans
2016
NeuroImage
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Here we show in a double-blind randomized crossover design that acute administration of ghrelin alters encoding-related brain activity, however does not enhance memory formation in humans. ...
In addition, brain activity related to subsequent memory performance was modulated by ghrelin. ...
In humans, effects of ghrelin on appetite-and memory-related brain regions have been reported (Goldstone et al., 2014; Malik et al., 2008; Tong et al., 2014) , however, the specific role of ghrelin in ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.016
pmid:27402596
fatcat:4pal6ocymfcabebrk3xm3cimde
Central Ghrelin Resistance Permits the Overconsolidation of Fear Memory
2017
Biological Psychiatry
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in unstressed animals without altering appetite. ...
We also used biotin-labeled ghrelin to visualize ghrelin binding sites in coronal brain sections of amygdala. All work was performed in rats. ...
In rats exposed to chronic stress, elevated acyl-ghrelin (27) was associated with enhanced fear memory formation (9) . ...
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.11.009
pmid:28010876
pmcid:PMC5447505
fatcat:vjdgfh6hibeenli4jb3w2vnyya
Regulation of Memory Function by Feeding-Relevant Biological Systems: Following the Breadcrumbs to the Hippocampus
2019
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
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The collective literature reviewed herein supports a model in which various stages of feeding behavior and hippocampal-dependent memory function are closely linked. ...
Emerging evidence reveals that hippocampal-dependent memory function is regulated by various peripheral biological systems that are traditionally known for their roles in appetite and body weight regulation ...
Moreover, intravenous ghrelin administration in healthy humans enhances the formation of food-related cue-reward associations by increasing HPC signaling to ventral striatum (Han et al., 2018) , results ...
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00101
pmid:31057368
pmcid:PMC6482164
fatcat:wqkrdi6yirguvmk2fnfggot7pa
Ghrelin Acylation—A Post-Translational Tuning Mechanism Regulating Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
2022
Cells
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unknown function of unacyl-ghrelin in modulating hippocampal plasticity. ...
These data, from mouse and human studies, suggest that restoring acyl-ghrelin signalling may promote the activation of pathways to support memory function. ...
memory function [81] . ...
doi:10.3390/cells11050765
pmid:35269387
pmcid:PMC8909677
fatcat:3zw4odn76vb2dajgrdq4ibvike
Physiological Effect of Ghrelin on Body Systems
2020
International Journal of Endocrinology
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Future studies are necessary to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of ghrelin actions as well as its application as a GHSR agonist to treat most common diseases in each system without any paradoxical outcomes ...
Having a clear understanding of the ghrelin effect in each system has therapeutic implications. ...
without enhancing memory formation [89] . ...
doi:10.1155/2020/1385138
pmid:32565790
pmcid:PMC7267865
fatcat:rjuyxpk7ybat7i4kgzgnzbvove
Ghrelin controls hippocampal spine synapse density and memory performance
2006
Nature Neuroscience
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Our observations reveal an endogenous function of ghrelin that links metabolic control with higher brain functions and suggest novel therapeutic strategies to enhance learning and memory processes. ...
Ghrelin binding is also present in other brain areas, including the telencephalon, where its function remains elusive. ...
of ghrelin or its analogs may also affect brain functions other than those related to endocrine and metabolic regulation. ...
doi:10.1038/nn1656
pmid:16491079
fatcat:xtspi6cky5b4rhebcdfta4chia
A ghrelin–growth hormone axis drives stress-induced vulnerability to enhanced fear
2013
Molecular Psychiatry
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Ghrelin receptor antagonism during repeated stress abolished stress-related enhancement of fear memory without blunting stress-induced corticosterone release. ...
Repeated intraamygdala infusion of a ghrelin receptor agonist produced a similar enhancement of fear memory. ...
Funding for graduate participation in this research was provided by the Hugh Hampton Young Memorial Fund, Schoemaker Fellowship, Singleton Presidential Fund and James R. Killian Fellowship to RMM. ...
doi:10.1038/mp.2013.135
pmid:24126924
pmcid:PMC3988273
fatcat:ztdchcjonffabbrwfocmiwwoga
THE GHRELIN SYSTEM; BEYOND THE ROLE IN ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS
2017
Facta Universitatis Series Medicine and Biology
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It exerts major peripheral endocrine and non-endocrine actions, and it has a role in learning and memory, glucose homeostasis, immunity, cardio protection, fertility and addiction. ...
Ghrelin is mainly produced in the stomach from a distinct group of endocrine cells located within the gastric oxyntic mucosa. It acts as hunger signal and long-term body weight regulator. ...
The existence of ghrelin and its receptor in the hippocampus, a region associated with learning and memory, suggests the role of ghrelin in memory formation [1] . ...
doi:10.22190/fumb170118002s
fatcat:o3l6hhvkqnehxof6zy3vxzkn3y
Interactions between metabolic, reward and cognitive processes in appetite control: Implications for novel weight management therapies
2017
Journal of Psychopharmacology
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In addition, evidence has emerged more recently, that higher level cognitive functions such as learning, memory and attention play an important role in everyday appetite control and that homeostatic signals ...
also play a role in cognition. ...
Acknowledgements All authors were involved in discussions of the conceptual framework for the paper, contributed text and edited drafts of the manuscript. S Higgs wrote the final manuscript. ...
doi:10.1177/0269881117736917
pmid:29072515
pmcid:PMC5700796
fatcat:54xn5h6f3ff5fjtf7lauyffvxq
Ghrelin, a gastrointestinal hormone, regulates energy balance and lipid metabolism
2018
Bioscience Reports
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It also increases the response of brain areas involved in visual processing, attention, and memory to food pictures. ...
Ghrelin is the natural endogenous ligand for GHSR [1, 7] . In humans, the GHSR1 gene encodes full-length GHSR1a and the truncated isoform GHSR1b [8, 9] . ...
Brain regions implicated in all of these functions are modulated by ghrelin. ...
doi:10.1042/bsr20181061
pmid:30177523
pmcid:PMC6153372
fatcat:exdpuufdd5ba3opsqlq5wopdli
The Role of Ghrelin and Ghrelin Signaling in Aging
2017
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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In the 1980s, Friedman and Johnson discovered a gene in C. elegans called age-1, which controls senescence and is related to aging. ...
DAF-16 is activated via a decrease in the insulin-like signal, and modulates a gene cluster that is necessary to control aging [9] . ...
Ghrelin resistance also occurs in elderly persons [23] .
IGF-1 and Other Age-Related Factors
GH and IGF-1 Human aging is related to a change in GH/IGF-1 activity. ...
doi:10.3390/ijms18071511
pmid:28704966
pmcid:PMC5536001
fatcat:t5wzgkw7dvd4bhvbbcpfzpdhoe
An Overview of Appetite-Regulatory Peptides in Addiction Processes; From Bench to Bed Side
2021
Frontiers in Neuroscience
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Also, the amylin pathway modulates the acute and chronic behavioral responses to addictive drugs. Ghrelin has been shown to activate reward-related behaviors. ...
Moreover, ghrelin enhances, whereas pharmacological or genetic suppression of the ghrelin receptor attenuates the responses to various addictive drugs. ...
A plausible relation between hunger, ghrelin and addiction was shown early as food restriction, known to enhance plasma ghrelin (Gualillo et al., 2002) , enhances amphetamine and cocaine consumption in ...
doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.774050
pmid:34955726
pmcid:PMC8695496
fatcat:uznv5ec72fcs5czrzzb5gsl7vi
Ghrelin, a Gastric Hormone with Diverse Functions
[chapter]
2012
Chemical Biology
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In contrast to the enhanced effects of ghrelin on memory in rodents, ghrelin could decrease memory retention in neonatal chicks (Carvajal et al., 2009 ) . ...
One encodes the ghrelin precursor, and another encodes des-Gln 14 -ghrelin precursor: a spliced variant without the codon for glutamine in position 14 (pre-pro-des-Gln 14 -ghrelin mRNA) . ...
doi:10.5772/35067
fatcat:5jcobgd5mffbfjthr4o5mbiofq
Ghrelin Modulates Brain Activity in Areas that Control Appetitive Behavior
2008
Cell Metabolism
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This demonstrates that metabolic signals such as ghrelin may favor food consumption by enhancing the hedonic and incentive responses to food-related cues. ...
Here, we show that ghrelin administered intravenously to healthy volunteers during functional magnetic resonance imaging increased the neural response to food pictures in regions of the brain, including ...
Brain regions implicated in all of these functions were modulated by ghrelin. How ghrelin acts on the brain is not known, but several potential mechanisms have been identified. ...
doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.03.007
pmid:18460331
fatcat:qojubbi3mvccpa4z4yye5qvoru
Ghrelin – Physiological Functions and Regulation
2015
European Endocrinology
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In the gastrointestinal system, ghrelin affects multiple functions, including secretion of gastric acid, gastric motility and pancreatic protein output. ...
Studies have provided evidence that ghrelin exercises a wide range of functions, including regulation of food intake and energy metabolism, modulation of cardiovascular function, stimulation of osteoblast ...
representing a functional antagonism to leptin, without affecting POMC mRNA expression. ...
doi:10.17925/ee.2015.11.02.90
pmid:29632576
pmcid:PMC5819073
fatcat:r3xpiz46pzahdk5fc6iqnso77i
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