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Do Borrowing Constraints Matter? An Analysis of Why the Permanent Income Hypothesis Does Not Apply in Japan
2006
Social Science Research Network
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whether or not a household is borrowing-constrained, and (3) that the Euler equation implication is rejected for both the full sample and for the subsample of unconstrained households. ...
These results suggest that the life cycle/permanent income hypothesis does not apply in Japan and that the presence of borrowing constraints is not the main reason why it does not apply. ...
Once we have rejected the Euler equation implication, we should seek the reason
for it, checking each possible explanation one by one. ...
doi:10.2139/ssrn.911160
fatcat:6ginwi2c3nh47gdu344xur7uce
Do borrowing constraints matter? An analysis of why the permanent income hypothesis does not apply in Japan
2006
Japan and The World Economy
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whether or not a household is borrowing-constrained, and (3) that the Euler equation implication is rejected for both the full sample and for the subsample of unconstrained households. ...
These results suggest that the life cycle/permanent income hypothesis does not apply in Japan and that the presence of borrowing constraints is not the main reason why it does not apply. ...
Once we have rejected the Euler equation implication, we should seek the reason
for it, checking each possible explanation one by one. ...
doi:10.1016/j.japwor.2006.04.002
fatcat:z4ettisnerc2ljrmraflzmtpqm
Response to Bucy's comment on a paper by Udwadia and Kalaba
1996
Proceedings of the Royal Society A
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The reasons are as follows. 1. ...
Nor did Lagrange, or Gibbs, or Appell, when each presented his equations of motion for non-holonomically constrained systems. ...
Bucy (1994) has conclusions and value judgments which are not based on ob jective reasoning or inquiry. ...
doi:10.1098/rspa.1996.0053
fatcat:iknierlmnjbnzcdfbf4fiuxanu
New Type Of Fuzzy Relational Equations And Neutrosophic Relational Equations - To Analyse Customers Preference To Street Shops
2014
Zenodo
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In this paper authors study the customer's preference of street shops to other eateries using Fuzzy Relation Equations (FREs) and Neutrosophic Relation Equations (NREs). ...
except the reasonable cost and expert is not able to express about the quality of food. ...
That is, the matrix equation (1) encompasses n × s simultaneous equations of the form (2) . ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.571460
fatcat:ssrmqvxnovbtzbd55z5hwrwfkm
New Type Of Fuzzy Relational Equations And Neutrosophic Relational Equations – To Analyse Customers Preference To Street Shops
2015
Zenodo
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In this paper authors study the customer's preference of street shops to other eateries using Fuzzy Relation Equations (FREs) and Neutrosophic Relation Equations (NREs). ...
except the reasonable cost and expert is not able to express about the quality of food. ...
That is, the matrix equation (1) encompasses n × s simultaneous equations of the form (2) . ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.22608
fatcat:nr62qo4evjforgzwowqioucqxu
Page 1559 of Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 63, Issue 5
[page]
2006
Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
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, constrained potential vorticity, and constrained pressure fields.
1. ...
Another reasoning proposed by Daley (1978) relates the divergence to intrinsic mathematical properties of the initialization equations, namely, to the violation of ellipticity condition for the nonlinear ...
An algorithm for goal-driven simulation
1999
Proceedings of the 31st conference on Winter simulation Simulation---a bridge to the future - WSC '99
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We propose to combine graph theoretic methods for monitoring the numerical solving process of the model and interval constraint reasoning for dealing with under-constrained and overconstrained problems ...
This algorithm, implemented in a simulation environment called AMIA, has been successfully applied to several large models containing thousands of equations. ...
For this reason, we also use interval constraint solving in our work, but only when necessary, i.e., for dealing with under-constrained problems, but not for equation solving. ...
doi:10.1145/324138.324438
fatcat:qeyyiw32crb4vegjuk3ducrylu
FARM LEVEL IMPACTS OF CREDIT CONSTRAINTS ON AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENT AND INCOME
English
2022
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences
English
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These are referred as being socio-economical credit constrained (SCC), and the second, if the farmers did not want to apply for religious reasons, categorized as religious credit constraints (RCC) (Figure ...
Moreover, the outcome also indicates that 34.2 percent of the rice farmers were institutionally credit constrained for the reasons, such as the high-interest rate charged by formal sources, lengthy and ...
doi:10.21162/pakjas/19.7872
fatcat:wsqoig436nc57f63pl5wpr3nrq
Page 182 of Geographical Analysis Vol. 13, Issue 2
[page]
1981
Geographical Analysis
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origin-constrained trip distribution models may be determined by assessing the validity of equations (2)—(4) when ¢,; is defined by equation (7). ...
Vk Fj a, + # j (8a)
Similarly, evaluating the RHS of equation (2) yields
Bi bi8 fn 4 9, Wk Fj
Now, (8a) and (8b) are equal iff
Og Ofix i — = 2,—— V finda, bk 3d,’ k#j
and in general, there is no reason ...
Constrained Differential Optimization
1987
Neural Information Processing Systems
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We prove that the differential equations locally converge to a constrained minimum. ...
The snake eventually attaches to the cities The constrained minimization in equations (29) and (30) is a reasonable method for approximately solving the TSP. ...
As in equation ( 9 ), constrained extrema of the energy (5) are stationary points of equation (10). Notice, however, the sign inversion in the equation for i, as compared to equation (9) . ...
dblp:conf/nips/PlattB87
fatcat:f6agcrepivaypmhvs5dva2qnwi
Comment on Destination Independence and Separability In Origin-Constrained Trip Distribution Models
2010
Geographical Analysis
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Vk Fj a, + # j (8a)
Similarly, evaluating the RHS of equation (2) yields
Bi bi8 fn 4 9, Wk Fj
Now, (8a) and (8b) are equal iff
Og Ofix i — = 2,—— V finda, bk 3d,’ k#j
and in general, there is no reason ...
origin-constrained trip distribution models may be determined by assessing the validity of equations (2)—(4) when ¢,; is defined by equation (7). ...
doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1981.tb00724.x
fatcat:gscnkfdppndv5p4pnt7omtldfa
Canonical Equations of Singular Mechanical Systems in Terms of Quasi-coordinates
2019
JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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The constrained mechanical systems by quasi-coordinates are more universal than by generalized coordinates. ...
In this paper, the motion equations of nonconservative singular mechanical systems by quasi-coordinates in phase space are studied. ...
By reasonably constructing the quasi-velocity and combining the modified variational principle, the regular form of Boltzmann-Hamel equations for holonomic and nonholonomic singular systems is obtained ...
doi:10.26782/jmcms.2019.08.00001
fatcat:qn7bz7wqfzeybnzqlprjbctg2e
Euler Consumption Equation with Non-Separable Preferences over Consumption and Leisure and Collateral Constraints
2009
Social Science Research Network
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During more tranquil times, evidence on collateral effects is more limited and nonseparability is sufficient to make the Euler consumption equation agree well with the data. ...
This paper derives and estimates an aggregate Euler consumption equation which allows one to compare the importance of collateral constraints and nonseparability of consumption and leisure as alternative ...
Derivation of the aggregate Euler equation Having derived the consumption Euler equations for the un-constrained and constrained households, the final step is to obtain the aggregate Euler equation, which ...
doi:10.2139/ssrn.1428814
fatcat:wcq3vmn43jdz5osiaj3up2ajla
"COMMONSENSE" ARITHMETIC REASONING
[chapter]
1990
Readings in Qualitative Reasoning About Physical Systems
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Arithmetic reasoning" can range in complexity ...
This is in contrast
to a system like MACSYMA
which is
designed to handle sets of equations
where each equation involves
most of the variables,
that is, the resulting
coefficient matrix will
be ...
For example, the types of domains handled
by the Quantity
Lattice are amenable
to solution by setting up
the equations
in band matrix format and representing
the matrix
of equations
as a linked ...
doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-1447-4.50029-8
fatcat:wj3keu6q7fahrfmmkp26gdqcsq
The Model Evolution Calculus with Equality
[chapter]
2005
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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For equational reasoning ME E uses an adapted version of the ordered paramodulation inference rule, where equations used for paramodulation are drawn (only) from the candidate model. ...
In many theorem proving applications, a proper treatment of equational theories or equality is mandatory. ...
Equality Reasoning on Constrained Clauses The ME E calculus operates with constrained clauses, defined below. ...
doi:10.1007/11532231_29
fatcat:4zmryafkqzct5g3kskjhn2ja4y
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