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Consistent Identification in the Limit of Rigid Grammars from Strings Is NP-hard
[chapter]
2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
These procedures take a set of structures (strings labeled with derivational information) as input and yield a set of hypotheses in the form of grammars. ...
The time complexity of these functions however was still left an open question. In this paper we will show that the learning functions for these learnable classes are all NP-hard. ...
Keywords: contextfree languages, categorial grammar, identification in the limit, complexity In [Gol67] the notion identification in the limit was introduced. ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-45790-9_5
fatcat:s2kt6u7fubbvvcvud35jmk52ay
Some Classes of Regular Languages Identifiable in the Limit from Positive Data
[chapter]
2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Used with permission. p. 28
Beyond EDSM
p. 37
Consistent Identification in the Limit of Rigid Grammars from Strings Is NP-hard
p. 49
Some Classes of Regular Languages Identifiable in the Limit ...
k-testable Tree Languages and Applications
p. 199
Fast Learning from Strings of 2-Letter Rigid Grammars
p. 213
Learning Locally Testable Even Linear Languages from Positive Data
p. 225
Inferring ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-45790-9_6
fatcat:nmlknwqoyfbybhb6rpomqrn7qy
Finding Consistent Categorial Grammars of Bounded Value: A Parameterized Approach
[chapter]
2010
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
It was shown that for most of these classes, selecting a grammar from the class that is consistent with the data is NP-hard. ...
These classes were shown to be learnable from text, in the technical sense of identifiability in the limit from positive data. ...
This was originally neglected, since the consistency problem was studied as an aspect of learning problems, specifically of identification in the limit. ...
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13089-2_17
fatcat:dq3dofgbpvgkvfxotvkz7jkyxa
On families of categorial grammars of bounded value, their learnability and related complexity questions
2012
Theoretical Computer Science
It was shown that, for most of these classes, selecting a grammar from the class that is consistent with given data is NP-hard. ...
As far as the authors are aware, we have obtained the first such results for grammar induction problems and, more generally, learning problems in the identification in the limit paradigm. 2 Apart from ...
Acknowledgments We would like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their comments. The research was partly funded by the University of Trier, which allowed the first author to visit Trier. ...
doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2012.05.016
fatcat:smkfmludnva2plrjoolamhh2ii
Fast Learning from Strings of 2-Letter Rigid Grammars
[chapter]
2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
It is well-known that certain classes of classical categorial grammars are learnable, within Gold's paradigm of identification in the limit, from positive examples. ...
In the search for classes which can be learned efficiently from strings, we study the class of 2-letter rigid grammars, which is the class of classical categorial grammars with an alphabet of two letters ...
Introduction It is well-known that certain classes of classical categorial grammars are learnable, within Gold's paradigm of identification in the limit, from positive examples. ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-45790-9_17
fatcat:sl4xqlen3vbtvcelpeqsuhfpem
Encyclopedia of cognitive science
2003
ChoiceReviews
A categorial lexicon assigns one or more types to the atomic elements of a language; the assembly of form and meaning is accounted for in terms of the rules of inference for these types seen as formulas ...
Cross-linguistic variation results from extending the invariant core of the grammar logic with facilities for structural reasoning. ...
Kanazawa (1998) has studied formal learning theory for categorial grammar within Gold's paradigm of identification in the limit on the basis of positive data. ...
doi:10.5860/choice.41-0046
fatcat:tpjsphfjqrebdnp7bt4zrng46y
Combinatory Categorial Grammar
[chapter]
2011
Taking Scope
One way to provide that explanation is to show that the constraints stem from limitations in automata-theoretic power of the grammar itself. ...
The minimum apparatus besides competence grammar that is required for processing consists of the characteristic automaton for the relevant class of grammars (including its possibly limited working memories ...
doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262017077.003.0006
fatcat:2uteapar2jd7tiku77rylcdkla
Combinatory Categorial Grammar
[chapter]
2011
Non-Transformational Syntax
One way to provide that explanation is to show that the constraints stem from limitations in automata-theoretic power of the grammar itself. ...
The minimum apparatus besides competence grammar that is required for processing consists of the characteristic automaton for the relevant class of grammars (including its possibly limited working memories ...
doi:10.1002/9781444395037.ch5
fatcat:nfovjbngrrfwxjfiqjlkiv5g6u
Combinatory Categorial Grammar
[chapter]
2006
Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics
One way to provide that explanation is to show that the constraints stem from limitations in automata-theoretic power of the grammar itself. ...
The minimum apparatus besides competence grammar that is required for processing consists of the characteristic automaton for the relevant class of grammars (including its possibly limited working memories ...
doi:10.1016/b0-08-044854-2/02028-9
fatcat:ks4myyz6zna25jm2l433h2xqgi
Improving dynamic software analysis by applying grammar inference principles
2008
Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution Research and Practice
Grammar inference is a family of machine learning techniques that aim to infer grammars from a sample of sentences in some (unknown) language. ...
Dynamic analysis is a family of techniques in the domain of software engineering that attempts to infer rules that govern the behaviour of software systems from a sample of executions. ...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank the anonymous referees for their valuable comments. ...
doi:10.1002/smr.373
fatcat:4cbdwhpg5bg7vlgj7qnw4y657y
Fundamental methodological issues of syntactic pattern recognition
2013
Pattern Analysis and Applications
Methodological considerations on crucial issues in areas of string and graph grammar-based syntactic methods are made. ...
Fundamental open problems, which are frontiers of syntactic pattern recognition are discussed in the paper. ...
It results from a uniform rigid structure of strings. However, in case of graph grammars we have to specify how to embed the righthand side graph in the rest-graph in an explicit way. ...
doi:10.1007/s10044-013-0322-1
fatcat:42h3kj4zhjdkpoiwjl5plbyece
Learning Recursive Automata from Positive Examples
2006
Revue d'intelligence artificielle : Revue des Sciences et Technologies de l'Information
Finally, new learnable subclasses of categorial grammars are defined, for which learning from strings is nearly not more expensive than from structures. RÉSUMÉ. ...
The relation between these generalized automata and categorial grammars is studied in detail. ...
is also NP-hard (Florêncio, 2001) . ...
doi:10.3166/ria.20.775-804
fatcat:s4kxnkdtefb7daokgwnihiaq5i
Parameterized Complexity in Cognitive Modeling: Foundations, Applications and Opportunities
2007
Computer journal
In this paper, we consider the particular benefits of the parameterized complexity framework for identifying sources of intractability in cognitive models. ...
We review existing applications of the parameterized framework to this end in the domains of perception, action and higher cognition. ...
complexity results can and should play in linguistics. ...
doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxm034
fatcat:p2x6vjt24vbvhn7uh5ifqj4dri
An Extension of Finite-state Markov Decision Process and an Application of Grammatical Inference
[chapter]
2008
Reinforcement Learning
A context-free grammar (CFG) is a quadruple denoted by , where V is a finite set of nonterminal symbols, Σ is a finite set of terminal symbols, R ⊂ V×(V ∪ Σ)* is a finite set of production rules, and S ...
∈V is the start symbol. ...
Identification in the limit of right-unique simple grammars from positive data 4.1 Learning simple grammars A most rigid theoretical model for learning concepts would be identification in the limit proposed ...
doi:10.5772/5276
fatcat:2rtphxd6sne2jftvmxqc3zf3qi
Clinical Text Summarization with Syntax-Based Negation and Semantic Concept Identification
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
In the era of clinical information explosion, a good strategy for clinical text summarization is helpful to improve the clinical workflow. ...
Our research objective is to use the biomedical ontology with semantic information, and take the advantage from the language hierarchical structure, the constituency tree, in order to identify the correct ...
The capability of using regular expression in linear string structure is interpretable but limited since human assembles language in a hierarchical geometrical structure rather than linear way [Hamburger ...
arXiv:2003.00353v1
fatcat:n4kqfp24ubh3fcsjlp7xxjabdi
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