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Cognitive evolutionary therapy for depression: a case study
2014
Clinical Case Reports
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The patient underwent CET following the protocol described by Giosan et al. [42] . ...
doi:10.1002/ccr3.131
pmid:25614817
pmcid:PMC4302631
fatcat:s5jwpsz5tbb6nfuk5vhklcrv7y
'Slow' reproductive strategy: A negative predictor of depressive symptomatology
2013
Australian journal of psychology
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., 2006; Figueredo, Vasquez, Brumbach, & Schneider, 2005; Giosan, 2006) . ...
Life History Strategy was measured with High-K Strategy Scale (HKSS) (Giosan, 2006) . ...
doi:10.1111/ajpy.12016
fatcat:kmn2cxvz6jbfleqrozgjan7je4
Is a Successful High-K Fitness Strategy Associated with Better Mental Health?
2009
Evolutionary Psychology
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., 2006; Giosan, 2006) . ...
Indeed, HKSS's Cronbach's α was .92 (Giosan, 2006) . ...
doi:10.1177/147470490900700104
fatcat:aw2xguvakndxzhssf65uwtchs4
High-K Strategy Scale: A Measure of the High-K Independent Criterion of Fitness
2006
Evolutionary Psychology
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The present study aimed at testing whether factors documented in the literature as being indicators of a high-K reproductive strategy have effects on fitness in extant humans. A 26-item High-K Strategy Scale comprising these factors was developed and tested on 250 respondents. Items tapping into health and attractiveness, upward mobility, social capital and risks consideration, were included in the scale. As expected, the scale showed a significant correlation with perceived offspring quality
doi:10.1177/147470490600400131
fatcat:swqvxxuzyvhffaaz23k4gr4epq
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... d a weak, but significant association with actual number of children. The scale had a high reliability coefficient (Cronbach's Alpha = .92). Expected correlations were found between the scale and number of medical diagnoses, education, perceived social support, and number of previous marriages, strengthening the scale's construct validity. Implications of the results are discussed.
Numbing symptoms as predictors of unremitting posttraumatic stress disorder
2009
Journal of Anxiety Disorders
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A B S T R A C T This prospective longitudinal study examined the ability of re-experiencing, avoidance, numbing, and hyperarousal symptoms to predict persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in disaster workers followed for 2 years. Cluster analyses suggested that overall severity was the best predictor of PTSD at follow up, but for groups with PTSD of moderate severity, numbing symptoms were also associated with PTSD at the 2-year follow up. Regression analyses with all four symptom
doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.07.004
pmid:18755571
fatcat:7et6bxzvdjeixcclgxzffhogui
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... groups as independent variables found that only numbing and re-experiencing symptoms predicted PTSD at the 1 year follow up, and only numbing symptoms predicted PTSD at the 2-year follow up. Findings suggest that numbing symptom severity could be used as a risk index of very chronic PTSD, especially when the overall PTSD severity falls in the moderate range. ß
Reducing depressive symptomatology with a smartphone app: study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
2017
Trials
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Depression has become one of the leading contributors to the global disease burden. Evidencebased treatments for depression are available, but access to them is still limited in some instances. As technology has become more integrated into mental health care, computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) protocols have become available and have been recently transposed to mobile environments (e.g., smartphones) in the form of "apps." Preliminary research on some depression apps has shown
doi:10.1186/s13063-017-1960-1
pmid:28494802
pmcid:PMC5427551
fatcat:af5jue5vhzemtd4j43lxycbesi
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... sing results in reducing subthreshold or mild to moderate depressive symptoms. However, this small number of studies reports a low statistical power and they have not yet been replicated. Moreover, none of them included an active placebo comparison group. This is problematic, as a "digital placebo effect" may explain some of the positive effects documented until now. The aim of this study is to test a newly developed mobile app firmly grounded in the CBT theory of depression to determine whether this app is clinically useful in decreasing moderate depressive symptoms when compared with an active placebo. Additionally, we are interested in the app's effect on emotional wellbeing and depressogenic cognitions. Methods/design: Romanian-speaking adults (18 years and older) with access to a computer and the Internet and owning a smartphone are included in the study. A randomized, three-arm clinical trial is being conducted (i.e., active intervention, placebo intervention and delayed intervention). Two hundred and twenty participants with moderate depressive symptoms (i.e., obtaining scores >9 and ≤16 on the Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) will be randomized to the three conditions. Participants undergoing therapy, presenting serious mental health problems, or legal or health issues that would prevent them from using the app, as well as participants reporting suicidal ideation are excluded. Participants randomized to the active and placebo interventions will use the smartphone app for 6 weeks. A short therapist check-in via phone will take place every week. Participants in the delayed-intervention condition will be given access to the app after 6 weeks from randomization. The primary outcome is the level of depressive symptomatology. The intervention delivered through the app to the active condition includes psychoeducational materials and exercises based on CBT for depression, while the placebo intervention uses a sham version of the app (i.e., similar structure of courses and exercises).
Evolutionary cognitive therapy versus standard cognitive therapy for depression: a protocol for a blinded, randomized, superiority clinical trial
2014
Trials
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Depression is estimated to become the leading cause of disease burden globally by 2030. Despite existing efficacious treatments (both medical and psychotherapeutic), a large proportion of patients do not respond to therapy. Recent insights from evolutionary psychology suggest that, in addition to targeting the proximal causes of depression (for example, targeting dysfunctional beliefs by cognitive behavioral therapy), the distal or evolutionary causes (for example, inclusive fitness) should
doi:10.1186/1745-6215-15-83
pmid:24641778
pmcid:PMC3994780
fatcat:kr76pgtjnzbt7pewczgskk4dmm
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... be addressed. A randomized superiority trial is conducted to develop and test an evolutionary-driven cognitive therapy protocol for depression, and to compare its efficacy against standard cognitive therapy for depression. Methods/design: Romanian-speaking adults (18 years or older) with elevated Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores (>13), current diagnosis of major depressive disorder or major depressive episode (MDD or MDE), and MDD with comorbid dysthymia, as evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), are included in the study. Participants are randomized to one of two conditions: 1) evolutionary-driven cognitive therapy (ED-CT) or 2) cognitive therapy (CT). Both groups undergo 12 psychotherapy sessions, and data are collected at baseline, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and the 3-month follow-up. Primary outcomes are depressive symptomatology and a categorical diagnosis of depression post-treatment. Discussion: This randomized trial compares the newly proposed ED-CT with a classic CT protocol for depression. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to integrate insights from evolutionary theories of depression into the treatment of this condition in a controlled manner. This study can thus add substantially to the body of knowledge on validated treatments for depression.
Relationships between memory inconsistency for traumatic events following 9/11 and PTSD in disaster restoration workers
2009
Journal of Anxiety Disorders
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A B S T R A C T The present study examined the relationships between memories for a single incident traumatic eventthe 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center (WTC) -and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 2641 disaster restoration workers deployed at the WTC site in the aftermath of the attack were evaluated longitudinally, one year apart, for PTSD, using clinical interviews. Their recollection of the traumatic events was also assessed at these times. The results showed that recall of
doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.11.004
pmid:19117719
fatcat:ofxhemktrfgvzfyupxdkwiwzla
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... events amplified over time and that increased endorsement of traumas at Time 2 was associated with more severe PTSD symptoms. It was also shown that, of all the exposure variables targeted, memory of the perception of life threat and of seeing human remains were differentially associated with PTSD symptoms. Implications of the results are also discussed. ß
Using a smartphone app to reduce cognitive vulnerability and mild depressive symptoms: Study protocol of an exploratory randomized controlled trial
2016
Trials
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Depression is a major challenge worldwide, with significant increasing personal, economic, and societal costs. Although empirically supported treatments have been developed, they are not always available for patients in routine clinical care. Therefore, we need effective and widely accessible strategies to prevent the onset of the very first depressive symptoms. Mental health apps could prove a valuable solution for this desideratum. Although preliminary research has indicated that such apps
doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1740-3
pmid:28031038
pmcid:PMC5192581
fatcat:ep4gssftkjgdzkey5b335mfpwm
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... be useful in treating depression, no study has attempted to test their utility in preventing depressive symptoms. The aim of this exploratory study is to contrast the efficacy of a smartphone app in reducing cognitive vulnerability and mild depressive symptoms, as risk factors for the onset of depression, against a wait-list condition. More specifically, we aim to test an app designed to (1) decrease general cognitive vulnerability and (2) promote engagement in protective, adaptive activities, while (3) counteracting (through gamification and customization) the tendency of premature dropout from intervention. Methods/design: Romanian-speaking adults (18 years and older) with access to a computer and the Internet and who own a smartphone are included in the study. Two parallel randomized clinical trials are conducted: in the first one, 50 participants free of depressive symptoms (i.e., who obtain scores ≤4 on the Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9) will be included, while in the second one 50 participants with minimal depressive symptoms (i.e., who obtain PHQ-9 scores between 5 and 9) will be included. Participants undergoing therapy, presenting with substance abuse problems, psychotic symptoms, and organic brain disorders, or serious legal or health issues that would prevent them from using the app, as well as participants reporting suicidal ideation are excluded. Participants randomized to the active intervention will autonomously use the smartphone app for 4 weeks, while the others will be given access to the app after 4 weeks from randomization. The primary outcomes are (1) cognitive vulnerability factors as defined within the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) paradigm (i.e., dysfunctional cognitions, irrational beliefs, and negative automatic thoughts) (for the first trial), and (2) level of depressive symptomatology (for the second trial). The app includes self-help materials and exercises based on CBT for depression, presented in a tailored manner and incorporating gamification elements aimed at boosting motivation to use the app. Discussion: This study protocol is the first to capitalize on the ubiquity of smartphones to large-scale dissemination of CBT-based strategies aimed at preventing depression in non-clinical populations.
Disability and posttraumatic stress disorder in disaster relief workers responding to september 11, 2001 World Trade Center Disaster
2009
Journal of Clinical Psychology
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Anger and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Disaster Relief Workers Exposed to the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center Disaster
2008
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
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Methods The participants, procedure, and measures for this study are more fully described in a crosssectional study of anger in this population (Evans, Giosan, Patt, Spielman, & Difede, 2006) and a study ...
doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e31818b492c
pmid:19008736
pmcid:PMC4073301
fatcat:6pqedjfjlbaa7kuhwgpce7asc4
Psychological Reactions to the National Terror-Alert System
unpublished
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Page 2855 of Psychological Abstracts Vol. 83, Issue 8
[page]
1996
Psychological Abstracts
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Manzat, Ion & Giosan, Cezar Constantin. (U Bu- charest, Romania) Synergetic psychology: A new perspective. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior, 1995, Vol 32(2), 27- 35. ...
Page 2932 of Psychological Abstracts Vol. 89, Issue 7
[page]
2002
Psychological Abstracts
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., 22324 Giosan, Cezar, 20840 Giraldo, Carlos, 20854 Girandola, Fabian, 20607 Girard, I., 19806
Girard, Isabelle L., 19808 Giraud, Kimberly, 21188 Girod, Jennifer, 21768 Giron, Maria Stella T., 21266 Girvin ...
Page 784 of Psychological Abstracts Vol. 83, Issue Index
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Psychological Abstracts
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Schweizer Archiv fir Neuro- logie und Psychiatrie, 1994, Vol 145(4), 13-17. 4733 Manzat, Ion & Giosan, Cezar Constantin. Synergetic psy- chology: A new perspective. ...
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