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CRYSTAL: Inducing a Conceptual Dictionary
[article]
1995
arXiv
pre-print
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This paper describes CRYSTAL, a system which automatically induces a dictionary of "concept-node definitions" sufficient to identify relevant information from a training corpus. ...
One of the central knowledge sources of an information extraction system is a dictionary of linguistic patterns that can be used to identify the conceptual content of a text. ...
The CRYSTAL dictionary induction tool is one of the rst systems to automatically create a conceptual dictionary from a training corpus. ...
arXiv:cmp-lg/9505020v1
fatcat:3rzbbrvzcff2fdjw7ea62mv7mi
Liquid crystal displays
1998
IEEE potentials
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This then was the basic idea of a fi eld to intuitively conceptualize electromagnetism. ...
91
Stiff But Flexible
97
Liquid Crystal Character
99
Viscosity
100
Elasticity
101
The Induced Dipole Moment
103
References
108
6 Thermodynamics for Liquid Crystals
111
The Three Laws of ...
But this " ae thereal " view of Nature confounded even its proponents Liquid Crystal Displays, First Edition. Robert H. Chen. ...
doi:10.1109/45.721731
fatcat:lqfn44krtnhblfka2yfzbmgxmm
Crystal ball - 2009
2009
Environmental Microbiology Reports
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The essence of this Crystal ball 17 ...
A crystal ball is an instrument which -when used properly -helps to gain information on the past, present or future by other means than common human senses and the standard technologies supporting them ...
So, at first sight, our crystal ball shows us, looking into the crystal ball. ...
doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2008.00010.x
pmid:23765716
fatcat:a2h7akkx5zg7pntlrwpwjj6rh4
Self-assembly: from crystals to cells
2009
Soft Matter
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Non-equilibrium SA is discussed as a route to reconfigurable ("adaptive") materials, and its connection to biological systems is emphasized. ...
The main challenge in SA research is the ability to "program" the properties of the individual pieces such that they organize into a desired structure. ...
Looking into Webster's dictionary, we learn that assembly is the process of ''fitting together of manufactured parts into a complete machine, structure, or unit of a machine''. ...
doi:10.1039/b819321p
fatcat:wc7gz4ajs5ef7jzcxmysjtkhb4
Crystal gravity
[article]
2022
arXiv
pre-print
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Such a "crystal gravity" is therefore like the Higgs phase of gravity. The usual Higgs phases are characterized by a special phenomenology. ...
Only rather recently it was realized in various context that the order parameter of the solid has a relation to Einsteins dynamical space time which is similar to the role of a Higgs field in a Yang-Mills ...
This is the meaning of the Poisson ratio: upon applying pressure to a solid, next to a volume change it will also induce a shear deformation. ...
arXiv:2109.11325v2
fatcat:3pfj6yseqzgitgauxs5xapwt2e
Review article. Voice in global English: unheard chords in crystal loud and clear. David Crystal
1999
Applied Linguistics
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Many ethical issues are directly related to`world' English, its conceptualization, forms and functions. ...
The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (1993 edition) glosses it as the spread of American culture as represented by Coca-Cola, and dates it as mid-twentieth century. ...
NOTE I am very grateful for responses to a first draft of the review to David Graddol, Franc Ëois Grin, Martin Kayman, Miklo  s Kontra, Alastair Pennycook, Bent Preisler, Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, and a very ...
doi:10.1093/applin/20.2.265
fatcat:a7of2kbszfdzzaoahy7hhyxaga
Mutation model for nucleotide sequences based on crystal basis
[article]
2005
arXiv
pre-print
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A nucleotides sequence is identified, in the two (four) letters alphabet, by the the labels of a vector state of an irreducible representation of U_q(sl(2)) (U_q(sl(2) + sl(2))), in the limit q -> 0. ...
A master equation for the distribution function is written, where the intensity of the one-spin flip is assumed to depend from the variation of the labels of the state. ...
(Encyclopedic Dictionary of Mathematics, 1960) ofH. ...
arXiv:q-bio/0506010v1
fatcat:ujsfigoyhffopie5abre4c5tui
Modelling bound ligands in protein crystal structures
2004
Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography
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This scoring function combined with a graph-based search technique provides a¯exible model-building scheme and its application shows promising initial results. ...
An error model of the geometrical features of the molecular structure of a ligand based on a lattice distribution of positional parameters is obtained via simulation and is used for the construction of ...
Morris and A. Perrakis for stimulating discussions. PHZ thanks K. Cowtan for his help with the use of the Clipper libraries and the EMBL for a PhD fellowship. ...
doi:10.1107/s0907444904012995
pmid:15572776
fatcat:jbmru5jicberxo3cnw2ppjftfu
Crystallization screening: the influence of history on current practice
2014
Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications
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While crystallization historically predates crystallography, it is a critical step for the crystallographic process. ...
The rich history of crystallization and how that history influences current practices is described. The tremendous impact of crystallization screens on the field is discussed. ...
The experiments are conceptually simple. ...
doi:10.1107/s2053230x1401262x
pmid:25005076
pmcid:PMC4089519
fatcat:7uenwlaojngwxaij5qb6xlyaeu
The discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals; a critique of the myths
1969
Archive for History of Exact Sciences
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LAUE, impatient, put pressure upon FRIEDRICH by inducing PAUL KNIPPI~C to take up the question. ...
", and of the conceptual difficulties standing in the way of the observation of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals.
II. Why Munich ? The question --"why Munich ?" ...
doi:10.1007/bf00327262
fatcat:2rurapbmsrg6reqt3a7zcpha3u
PagP Crystallized from SDS/Cosolvent Reveals the Route for Phospholipid Access to the Hydrocarbon Ruler
2010
Structure
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Restraints for the MPD molecules were modified from the standard Refmac 5 dictionary by removing the torsion and chiral restraints. ...
It is effective at millimolar concentrations and induces a nonnative structure with a high proportion of a helix, although its mechanism of action is not well understood (Guo et al., 1990; Manning and ...
doi:10.1016/j.str.2010.06.014
pmid:20826347
pmcid:PMC5007126
fatcat:avnr7ekr45govhfmou3saz2nya
Knowledge Extraction by Using an Ontology Based Annotation Tool
2001
International Conference on Knowledge Capture
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The semantic annotation tool contains: an ontology-based mark-up component which allows the user to browse and to mark-up relevant pieces of information; a learning component (Crystal from the University ...
Our system uses as domain of study "KMi Planet", a Webbased news server that helps to communicate relevant information between members in our institute. ...
Crystal was able to induce a dictionary of CN definitions for each event in KMi ontology. ...
dblp:conf/kcap/Vargas-VeraMDSL01
fatcat:adhs6y5zizas5kjebqoygjvfvq
Simulation of modulated protein crystal structure and diffraction data in a supercell and in superspace
2013
Acta Crystallographica Section D: Biological Crystallography
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Selection of a model system Orthorhombic profilin-actin crystals can be induced to become incommensurately modulated, with satellite reflections appearing near the periodic main reflections. ...
In practice, the mmCIF and msCIF dictionaries need to be blended into the same file or a version of the msCIF needs to be adapted to DDL2 for proteins. ...
doi:10.1107/s0907444913004630
pmid:23695251
pmcid:PMC4005373
fatcat:3m4aadsfurfstfq3mguqsq7eei
Conceptualizing the metaphors of drug abusers
2016
Topics in Linguistics
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This study analyses recreational drug slang terms found in the Drug Slang Dictionary in order to reveal categories of metaphors involved in drug users' language. ...
The study also involves drug addicts' narratives to identify conceptual metaphors in their experiences. ...
Thus, the topics in the dictionary appeared as conceptual metaphors, and the narratives served as evidence. ...
doi:10.1515/topling-2016-0006
fatcat:fndxnjphojalfhv7fiv2mnhg2a
Using a Symbolic Machine Learning Tool to Refine Lexico-syntactic Patterns
[chapter]
2000
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
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We have developed a system called Prométhée, which incrementally extracts lexico-syntactic patterns for a specific conceptual relation from a technical corpus. ...
Acquisition of patterns for information extraction systems is a common task in Natural Language Processing, mostly based on manual analysis of text corpora. ...
Crystal [15] is one of the first systems to automatically induce a dictionary of information extraction rules, by generalizing patterns identified in the text by an expert. ...
doi:10.1007/3-540-45164-1_31
fatcat:6gzu5lfgifcznlhv3uhkxc7qje
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