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Profile of Brian K. Kobilka and Robert J. Lefkowitz, 2012 Nobel Laureates in Chemistry
2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Those of us that had been hammering away in the field for 40 years or more cannot deny the excitement in learning that Brian Kobilka, a former postdoctoral fellow of Robert Lefkowitz, in collaboration ...
Brian Kobilka, after leaving his postdoctoral fellowship with Lefkowitz, quickly established his own reputation in the field by achieving the first animal knockouts of the β2AR and other adrenergic receptors ...
doi:10.1073/pnas.1221820110
pmid:23412332
pmcid:PMC3619354
fatcat:y2sprpli5bf6nb4e5pfmuzrrwe
Structure of the δ-opioid receptor bound to naltrindole
2012
Nature
The sequence identity within the transmembrane domains (TMs) between the m-OR and d-OR, the m-OR and k-OR, and the d-OR and k-OR is 76%, 73% and 74%, respectively 7 . ...
The other interface, which is also observed in the k-OR, involves TM1, TM2 and helix 8. ...
The sequence identity within the transmembrane domains (TMs) between the m-OR and d-OR, the m-OR and k-OR, and the d-OR and k-OR is 76%, 73% and 74%, respectively 7 . ...
doi:10.1038/nature11111
pmid:22596164
pmcid:PMC3523198
fatcat:iqus7o66k5fgniuspqwf4w6woa
Structure-based drug screening for G-protein-coupled receptors
2012
TIPS - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Top row: four relatively potent ligands that resemble known chemotypes, with K i values from 9 nM to 2 uM. Bottom row: two novel chemotypes, with K i values of 1.1 and 3.3 uM. ...
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2012.03.007
pmid:22503476
pmcid:PMC3523194
fatcat:uehc45h43netjioxuods5357ka
Crystal structure of the µ-opioid receptor bound to a morphinan antagonist
2012
Nature
The m-OR belongs to the c subfamily of class A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with two closely related family members known as the dand k-opioid receptors 3 . ...
This may explain why extremely potent opioids such as buprenorphine, with an inhibition constant (K i ) of 740 pM, diprenorphine (K i 72 pM), alvimopan (K i 350 pM) and etorphine (K i 230 pM) present rapid ...
Nine of these have more direct interactions with the ligand (Fig. 3a-c) , and are conserved in the k-OR and d-OR. ...
doi:10.1038/nature10954
pmid:22437502
pmcid:PMC3523197
fatcat:cwnar4aptvg3bdoiktcwor3ikm
G Protein-coupled Receptors
1998
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Sansan Lin for critical reading of the manuscript, and Jason Kobilka for preparation of the figures. ...
.: 650-723-7069; Fax: 650-498-5092; E-mail: kobilka@ cmgm.stanford.edu. 1 The abbreviations used are: GPCR, G protein-coupled receptor; TM, transmembrane; NBD, N,NЈ-dimethyl-N-(iodoacetyl)-NЈ-(7-nitrobenz ...
doi:10.1074/jbc.273.29.17979
pmid:9660746
fatcat:s3lgmj3cxvetvatiqfwauotbke
A monoclonal antibody for G protein–coupled receptor crystallography
2007
Nature Methods
Supplementary [ 3 H]dihydroalprenolol
Isoproterenol
K d ± S.E.
K i [S.E. interval]
(nM)
(nM)
!2AR
1.02 ± 0.09
290 [269-311]
!2AR-Fab5
1.08 ± 0.05
329 [310-348] ...
The IC 50 values used for calculations of K i values were obtained from means of pIC 50 values determined by nonlinear regression analysis and the S.E. interval from pIC 50 ± S.E. ...
doi:10.1038/nmeth1112
pmid:17952087
fatcat:dteziczhlzdghfvajugrxrkiri
Structure of a nanobody-stabilized active state of the β2 adrenoceptor
2011
Nature
BI-167107 is a full agonist that binds to the β 2 AR with a dissociation constant K d of 84 pM (Supplementary Figure 2A
Crystallization of β 2 AR-T4L-Nb80 complex The β 2 AR was originally crystallized ...
doi:10.1038/nature09648
pmid:21228869
pmcid:PMC3058308
fatcat:ugn6vnqnlffhnlcuymtblfyuvq
G protein coupled receptor structure and activation
2007
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes
G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are remarkably versatile signaling molecules. The members of this large family of membrane proteins are activated by a spectrum of structurally diverse ligands, and have been shown to modulate the activity of different signaling pathways in a ligand specific manner. In this manuscript I will review what is known about the structure and mechanism of activation of GPCRs focusing primarily on two model systems, rhodopsin and the β 2 adrenoceptor. Abbreviations:
doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.10.021
pmid:17188232
pmcid:PMC1876727
fatcat:karz2gdcjbdalkkfwizovsy3cq
more »
... 2 AR, beta 2 adrenoceptor; GPCR, G protein coupled receptor; TM, transmembrane ☆ Amino acid numbering: The position of β 2 AR residues are followed by the Ballesteros general number [1] in superscript, in the form X.YY, where X refers to the TM segment and YY to the position relative to the most highly conserved amino acid in the TM segment, which is assigned an arbitrary position of 50.
Structural Insights into the Dynamic Process of β 2 -Adrenergic Receptor Signaling
2015
Cell
Crystal structure of the β2 adrenergic receptor–Gs protein complex
2011
Nature
Kobilka, however, says that his functional assays show that the engineered proteins behave like the natural proteins. ...
"But now that we know it happens, it's something we can study, " says Kobilka. The discovery could provide unexpected clues to the molecular mechanism of the cholera toxin. ...
doi:10.1038/nature10361
pmid:21772288
pmcid:PMC3184188
fatcat:xcw5tm22izg2xde7qcixbvhebu
Conformational complexity of G-protein-coupled receptors
2007
TIPS - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are remarkably versatile signaling molecules. Members of this large family of membrane proteins respond to structurally diverse ligands and mediate most transmembrane signal transduction in response to hormones and neurotransmitters, and in response to the senses of sight, smell and taste. Individual GPCRs can signal through several Gprotein subtypes and through G-protein-independent pathways, often in a ligand-specific manner. This functional plasticity can
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2007.06.003
pmid:17629961
fatcat:hu3x4njrofdmlgc3bitdwddpsq
more »
... e attributed to structural flexibility of GPCRs and the ability of ligands to induce or to stabilize ligand-specific conformations. Here, we review what has been learned about the dynamic nature of the structure and mechanism of GPCR activation, primarily focusing on spectroscopic studies of purified human b 2 adrenergic receptor. Receptor conformations Proteins are often thought of as rigid structures, as in the lock-and-key model of receptor activation where the agonist
Two functionally distinct α2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission
1999
Nature
for noradrenaline may re¯ect the difference in af®nity for noradrenaline between the a 2 -receptor subtypes: noradrenaline has a higher af®nity for the a 2C -subtype than for the a 2A -receptor 19 (K ...
doi:10.1038/46040
pmid:10647009
fatcat:6ysbuk2kcjh5vgj4asqp5thqte
Cryo-EM structure of the activated GLP-1 receptor in complex with a G protein
2017
Nature
This network facilitates the stabilization of the TM core and is positioned to detect peptide binding through potential interactions of R 2.60b (K 2.60b in GCGR) with residue E9 at the peptide N-terminus ...
doi:10.1038/nature22394
pmid:28538729
pmcid:PMC5587415
fatcat:cyx2nqh5o5gbfnfev5lnnx3dsu
G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Functional and Mechanistic Insights Through Altered Gene Expression
1998
Physiological Reviews
Rohrer, Daniel K., and Brian K. Kobilka. G-Protein Coupled Receptors: Functional and Mechanistic Insights Through Altered Gene Expression. Physiol. Rev. 78: I. Introduction
35
II. ...
K. DERIEL, M. W. ADLER, AND C. L. ...
doi:10.1152/physrev.1998.78.1.35
pmid:9457168
fatcat:7lvwajjtbncbhccfvabgyeiyiu
Structural insights into adrenergic receptor function and pharmacology
2011
TIPS - Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
It has been over 50 years since Sir James Black developed the first beta adrenergic receptor (βAR) blocker to treat heart disease. At that time, the concept of cell-surface receptors was relatively new and not widely accepted, and most of the tools now used to characterize plasma membrane receptors had not been developed. There has been remarkable progress in receptor biology since then, including the development of radioligand binding assays, the biochemical characterization of receptors as
doi:10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.005
pmid:21414670
pmcid:PMC3090711
fatcat:uon2nl2kmnbzncqklhyxl2qrum
more »
... crete membrane proteins, and the cloning of the first G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which led to the identification of other members of the large family of GPCRs. More recently, progress in GPCR structural biology has led to insights into the three-dimensional structures of βARs receptors in both active and inactive states. Despite all of this progress, the process of developing a drug for a particular GPCR target has become more complex, timeconsuming, and expensive.
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