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Breaking certified defenses: Semantic adversarial examples with spoofed robustness certificates
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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The proposed "Shadow Attack" causes certifiably robust networks to mislabel an image and simultaneously produce a "spoofed" certificate of robustness. ...
In addition to labeling an image, certified classifiers produce (when possible) a certificate guaranteeing that the input image is not an ℓ_p-bounded adversarial example. ...
CONCLUSION We demonstrate that it is possible to produce adversarial examples with "spoofed" certified robustness by using large-norm perturbations. ...
arXiv:2003.08937v1
fatcat:gnscxyhpc5ckdj2xl54yfg227a
Advances in adversarial attacks and defenses in computer vision: A survey
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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In [2], we reviewed the contributions made by the computer vision community in adversarial attacks on deep learning (and their defenses) until the advent of year 2018. ...
However, it is now known that DL is vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can manipulate its predictions by introducing visually imperceptible perturbations in images and videos. ...
Through generating the perturbation outside the certified p bounds, their method produces a "spoofed" certificate, which results in visually imperceptible adversarial perturbations to break the defense ...
arXiv:2108.00401v2
fatcat:23gw74oj6bblnpbpeacpg3hq5y
Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Images, Graphs and Text: A Review
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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In this survey, we review the state of the art algorithms for generating adversarial examples and the countermeasures against adversarial examples, for the three popular data types, i.e., images, graphs ...
However, the existence of adversarial examples has raised concerns about applying deep learning to safety-critical applications. ...
samples augmented with adversarial examples, they increase the robustness against adversarial examples generated by FGSM. ...
arXiv:1909.08072v2
fatcat:i3han24f3fdgpop45t4pmxcdtm
The Security Reference Architecture for Blockchains: Towards a Standardized Model for Studying Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Defenses
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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Finally, we provide designers of blockchain platforms and applications with a design methodology following the model of SRA and its hierarchy. ...
Nevertheless, the blockchain "does not understand" the semantics of data that are timestamped, and thus it cannot vet or certify them. ...
Semantic Bugs. We deal with semantic bugs only at the level of the RSM layer as part of the smart contract code (see Section VII-B). ...
arXiv:1910.09775v2
fatcat:xvxnekjhtbbt7dc4b3kxy3m6xi
The Security Reference Architecture for Blockchains: Towards a Standardized Model for Studying Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Defenses
2020
IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials
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Finally, we provide designers of blockchain platforms and applications with a design methodology following the model of SRA and its hierarchy. ...
Nevertheless, the blockchain "does not understand" the semantics of data that are timestamped, and thus it cannot vet or certify them. ...
) Semantic Bugs: We deal with semantic bugs only at the level of the RSM layer as part of the smart contracts (see Section VII-B). ...
doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3033665
fatcat:hcrsvvkb2ffmbdlspshy66wg2y
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Darpa) Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Estimates
2014
Zenodo
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Drug Administration (FDA), and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). ...
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) FY2015 amounted to $2.9 billion in the President's request to support high-risk, high-reward research. ...
Techniques will be developed to disrupt and degrade adversary information systems and network operations, with particular interest in techniques likely to be robust to adversary countermeasure strategies ...
doi:10.5281/zenodo.1215345
fatcat:fjzhmynqjbaafk67q2ckcblj2m
Measuring Adversarial Robustness using a Voronoi-Epsilon Adversary
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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As ϵ gets large, the adversary may use real data points from other classes as adversarial examples. We propose a Voronoi-epsilon adversary which is constrained both by Voronoi cells and by ϵ-balls. ...
Finally, we show that a nearest neighbor classifier is the maximally robust classifier against the proposed adversary on the training data. ...
Breaking certified defenses: Semantic adversarial
examples with spoofed robustness certificates. In International Conference on Learning Repre-
sentations, 2019. ...
arXiv:2005.02540v3
fatcat:x4pjxrf4mffdtezlxibf3uc2ra
Biometrics: Trust, but Verify
[article]
2021
arXiv
pre-print
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Some of these problems include: i) questions related to system recognition performance, ii) security (spoof attacks, adversarial attacks, template reconstruction attacks and demographic information leakage ...
For example, the German Chaos Computer Club demonstrated with ease the breaking of Apple's TouchID already in 2013 8 . ...
A common defense strategy, namely adversarial training, is to re-train the classifier we wish to defend with perturbation attacks [148, [154] [155] [156] [157] . ...
arXiv:2105.06625v2
fatcat:gnii3qxufzevzlkfimhmmwof7i
Pretty-Bad-Proxy: An Overlooked Adversary in Browsers' HTTPS Deployments
2009
2009 30th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
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It attempts to break the end-to-end security guarantees of HTTPS without breaking any cryptographic scheme. ...
The protocol itself has been rigorously designed and evaluated by assuming the network as an adversary. ...
Our communications with Adam Barth and Collin Jackson helped improve the paper. ...
doi:10.1109/sp.2009.12
dblp:conf/sp/ChenMWZ09
fatcat:kqnek57ldjh4hmwv7zosmepcxy
VERDICT: A Language and Framework for Engineering Cyber Resilient and Safe System
2021
Systems
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It can also synthesize optimal defense solutions—with respect to implementation costs. In addition, ACFG assembles MBAAS evidence into goal structuring notation for certification purposes. ...
MBAAS performs probabilistic analyses, suggests defenses to mitigate attacks, and generates attack-defense trees and fault trees as evidence of resiliency and safety. ...
Even if the system uses a robust GPS sensor to resist spoofing attacks, due to the lack of behavioral details in the architecture we would not be able to rule out such attacks. ...
doi:10.3390/systems9010018
fatcat:73d2wytatnddvlaihhce5dkoba
Securing Public Safety Communications on Commercial and Tactical 5G Networks: A Survey and Future Research Directions
2021
IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
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This transition from closed and dedicated infrastructure to hybrid architecture will expand the threat surface and expose mission-critical applications and sensitive information to cyber and physical adversaries ...
discuss future research directions highlighting the need for enablers to automate security of rapid deployments, for military-grade cost-effective customizations of commercial network services to ensure robustness ...
Typical PEP implementations also break the end-to-end semantics of IP connections and prohibit the use of IPsec. ...
doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2021.3093529
fatcat:5d66gh3b2vcinddaml44oznpqe
The Threat of Adversarial Attacks on Machine Learning in Network Security – A Survey
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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We then analyze the various defenses against adversarial attacks on machine learning-based network security applications. ...
In what could be considered an arms race between attackers and defenders, adversaries constantly probe machine learning systems with inputs which are explicitly designed to bypass the system and induce ...
[87] which is a new method for attacking systems that rely on certificates and fool certified robust networks to assign the wrong label to an image and produce a spoofed secure robustness certificate ...
arXiv:1911.02621v2
fatcat:p7mgj65wavee3op6as5lufwj3q
Security and Privacy Issues in Wireless Mesh Networks: A Survey
[article]
2013
arXiv
pre-print
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security and user privacy in WMNs, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various possible attacks on different layers of the communication protocol stack for WMNs and their corresponding defense ...
Comparative analyses are also presented on the security schemes with regards to the cryptographic schemes used, key management strategies deployed, use of any trusted third party, computation and communication ...
In TCAODV, each node has its public key certified by a certificate authority (CA) and the public key certificate of each node is stored within a trusted root. ...
arXiv:1302.0939v1
fatcat:4bxooy2dubeopa3qbcyg5yvi3y
Securing Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communication Platforms
[article]
2020
arXiv
pre-print
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We then identified semantic gaps of existing security solutions and outline possible open issues. ...
We also review main security/privacy issues, current standardization activities and existing defense mechanisms proposed within the V2X domain. ...
., root certificate authority (RCA), that provides services to authenticate the identity of entities; (b) a registration authority certified by an RCA that issues certificates for specific uses permitted ...
arXiv:2003.07191v1
fatcat:rtyelz5ro5agdf5szamdn4tsvm
Securing Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communication Platforms
2020
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles
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We then identified semantic gaps of existing security solutions and outline possible open issues. ...
We also review main security/privacy issues, current standardization activities and existing defense mechanisms proposed within the V2X domain. ...
., root certificate authority (RCA), that provides services to authenticate the identity of entities; (b) a registration authority certified by an RCA that issues certificates for specific uses permitted ...
doi:10.1109/tiv.2020.2987430
fatcat:egw4hik2onfarc6nsjsng2r6ei
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