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Brain plasticity dynamics during tactile Braille learning in sighted subjects: multi-contrast MRI approach
2020
NeuroImage
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We investigated brain and behavioural changes in sighted adults during 8-months training of tactile Braille reading whilst monitoring brain structure and function at 5 different time points. ...
A growing body of empirical evidence supports the notion of diverse neurobiological processes underlying learning-induced plasticity changes in the human brain. ...
Conclusions In conclusion, by combining a longitudinal and multi-contrast MRI design, our study provides unique insight into the dynamics of neuroplasticity during human learning. ...
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117613
pmid:33307223
fatcat:uuvvge6pdfdfzot5rjlhoeb7le
Rapid and Reversible Recruitment of Early Visual Cortex for Touch
2008
PLoS ONE
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Following the five-day period, blindfolded subjects performed better on a Braille character discrimination task. ...
The speed and dynamic nature of the observed changes suggests that normally inhibited or masked functions in the sighted are revealed by visual loss. ...
and the Carroll Center for the Blind in Newton, MA, for their invaluable advice, service and assistance in carrying out the study. ...
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003046
pmid:18728773
pmcid:PMC2516172
fatcat:w4rk4e3merchhp4dpykidr7qgy
Neuroplasticity in adult human visual cortex
[article]
2019
arXiv
pre-print
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In this review we summarize studies showing that the visual brain of sighted adults retains a type of developmental plasticity, called homeostatic plasticity, and this property has been recently exploited ...
The primary visual cortex in these patients slowly became activated by the artificial visual stimulation, indicating that sight restoration therapies can rely on a considerable degree of spared plasticity ...
Hopefully in the next decades we will have the complete approach to rescue visual function, facilitating the adult brain to learn to "see" again, even after several years of blindness or abnormal visual ...
arXiv:1905.02405v1
fatcat:kqnq2d6uzjg5znzczpagae75ui
Functionally specific oscillatory activity correlates between visual and auditory cortex in the blind
2012
Brain
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stimulation elicited strong oscillatory responses in the visual cortex of blind subjects that closely resembled responses to visual stimulation in sighted humans; (iii) the signal in the gamma frequency ...
Here, we characterize the neuronal population activity in the visual and auditory cortex of congenitally blind humans and sighted controls in a complex cognitive task. ...
Supplementary material Supplementary material is available at Brain online. ...
doi:10.1093/brain/aws014
pmid:22366801
fatcat:gl2ok5sqijgu5k2wfaje7nosz4
How Musical Training Shapes the Adult Brain: Predispositions and Neuroplasticity
2021
Frontiers in Neuroscience
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In addition, potential predictors of musical learning success were found including increased brain activation in the auditory and motor systems during listening, the microstructure of the arcuate fasciculus ...
Here we present a review of recent publications with strong focus on experimental designs to better understand both brain reorganization and the neuronal markers of predispositions when learning to play ...
Employing a multi-contrast MRI approach allowed to describe and contrast functional and structural neuroplastic mechanisms underlying complex cognitive and sensorimotor learning, at a macroscopic level ...
doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.630829
pmid:33776638
pmcid:PMC7987793
fatcat:jnkumf5tgndwnjf3vn6qlwmc4q
Working Memory Training Integrates Visual Cortex into Beta-Band Networks in Congenitally Blind Individuals
[article]
2017
bioRxiv
pre-print
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In the sighted, theta-band connectivity increased between brain areas involved in auditory working memory (inferior frontal, superior temporal, insular cortex). ...
In the blind, beta-band networks largely emerged during the training, and connectivity increased between brain areas involved in auditory working memory and the visual cortex. ...
This approach benefits from the intra-subject paradigm that investigates changes across pre-post sessions, while the within-subject normalization at the same time isolates task-related functional connectivity ...
doi:10.1101/200121
fatcat:lj55r7r4drhhbcon4iuebv6etm
Negative BOLD in Sensory Cortices During Verbal Memory: A Component in Generating Internal Representations?
2009
Brain Topography
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In sighted subjects, both auditory and visual areas were robustly deactivated during memory retrieval, whereas in the blind the auditory cortex was deactivated while visual areas, shown previously to be ...
However the brain mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain poorly understood. ...
During each epoch, all subjects (sighted and blind) were asked to recall nine words from one of four lists, which had been learned in advance (1 week before the scan). ...
doi:10.1007/s10548-009-0089-2
pmid:19326203
fatcat:46g2lrylerftdgoeqx67uztg3a
Old dogs learning new tricks: Neuroplasticity beyond the juvenile period
2011
Developmental Review
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Twenty years ago, the prevalent view in psychology was that although learning and the formation of new memories are lifelong occurrences, the neural changes associated with these events were all in the ...
in neuroarchitecture and neuroenvironment in different phases of development. ...
Acknowledgments During the writing of this manuscript the authors were supported by NIH grants R01 EY12138 and DC010183 to AE and NSF grant 1024293 and a Brady Education Foundation grant to AL. ...
doi:10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.008
pmid:24648605
pmcid:PMC3956134
fatcat:6awmrnukmzgabdul3hzq62vjli
Experience-Related Structural Changes of Degenerated Occipital White Matter in Late-Blind Humans – A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
2015
PLoS ONE
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To further elucidate the structural prerequisites of this skill, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was conducted in late-blind subjects differing in their capability of understanding ultra-fast speech. ...
Analysis of the diffusion images revealed reduced FA in late-blind individuals relative to sighted controls at the level of the optic radiations at either side and the righthemisphere dorsal thalamus ( ...
This approach is characterized by enhanced objectivity and interpretability of multi-subject diffusion imaging data. ...
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122863
pmid:25830371
pmcid:PMC4382192
fatcat:nwdkwhi3mbacrixenvsahwuoji
The functional significance of cortical reorganization and the parallel development of CI therapy
2014
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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As this work was proceeding, it was being shown during the 1980s and 1990s that sustained modulation of afferent input could alter the structure of the CNS and that this topographic reorganization could ...
CI therapy has been applied successfully to other types of damage to the CNS such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injury, and it has also been used to improve ...
(in cm) for each subject plotted against intensity of phantom-limb pain as measured with the Multi-dimensional Pain Inventory. ...
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00396
pmid:25018720
pmcid:PMC4072972
fatcat:h46ykl3rvjhydiehizgr3o4g3q
Somatosensory processes subserving perception and action
2007
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
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In addition, we find a second division between tactile information processing about external targets in service of object recognition and tactile information processing related to the body itself. ...
Further, tactile exploration of the characteristics of external objects can result in conscious perceptual experience and stimulus or object recognition. ...
During tactile shape comparison with Braille characters, lately blind subjects (i.e., those with late onset of blindness) who had never learned Braille showed the activation of the association visual cortex ...
doi:10.1017/s0140525x07001392
pmid:17705910
fatcat:oaas3qlud5dk5dld6fxbt5cm5e
Abstracts of the 13th Annual Meeting of Israel Society for Neuroscience
2005
Neural Plasticity
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A new and promising therapeutic approach has evolved based on antisense molecules. ...
Autoimmune T cells play a role in short-and long-term plasticity Considering the previously observed role of mature T cells in neuronal survival and repair, we h)othesized that a similar function can be ...
Plasticity refers to all brain processes involved in dynamic alterations within communicating ne,uronal ensembles or networks, in the brain. ...
doi:10.1155/np.2005.1
pmid:15940829
pmcid:PMC2565472
fatcat:6yiorqangzffpo5b3mdytg5xhy
39th European Conference on Visual Perception (ECVP) 2016 Barcelona
2016
Perception
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People without sight, however, use (non-visual) Braille reading (BR) and Braille writing (BW). ...
Only responses of extrastriate areas during auditory tests have been reported in blind and sighted and only after long term or transiently induced neural plasticity. ...
METHOD: We extended a classical hierarchical recognition model for body motion by: (i) a two-dimensional dynamic neural field of snapshot, which reproduces decisions about walking direction and their multi-stability ...
doi:10.1177/0301006616671273
fatcat:el2dmsuk6zd25pedijucuexl5m
Brain–Computer Interfaces for Human Augmentation
2019
Brain Sciences
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The field of brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) has grown rapidly in the last few decades, allowing the development of ever faster and more reliable assistive technologies for converting brain activity into ...
are listed in reference [71]. ...
Acknowledgments: This research was supported by the European Fund for Regional Development (EFRD-or EFRE in German) under Grants GE-1-1-047 and IT-1-2-001. ...
doi:10.3390/brainsci9020022
pmid:30682766
pmcid:PMC6406539
fatcat:4kjekrytqrcd7h4egrqlxsdbpq
The cortical mechanisms underlying human spatial navigation: from afferent processing to motor efference
2014
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position, motion, and timing perception during angular rotations in the dark. ...
Blind versus sighted performance was compared using a vestibular-guided auditory localisation task in footballers (Chapter 4), and both in turn compared to sighted non-footballers. ...
Further studies are needed to evaluate the therapeutic use of non-invasive brain stimulation during music rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson"s disease, in particular the effect of repeated sessions ...
doi:10.25560/14673
fatcat:rjdk4cnq6jc7bkxonq62y2tmxu
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