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Integrating Argument Mapping with Systems Thinking Tools: Advancing Applied Systems Science
[chapter]
2014
Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing
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1995b Broome & Christakis, 1988; Broome & Cromer, 1991) , and training facilitators (Broome & Fulbright, 1995) . ...
Department of Defense's acquisition process (Alberts, 1992) , promoting world peace (Christakis, 1987) , improving Tribal governance process in Native American communities (Broome, 1995a (Broome, , ...
doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6470-8_18
fatcat:y5ny2lkwrjegjk6572qnsqnpqq
Zinc protects against shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli by acting on host tissues as well as on bacteria
2014
BMC Microbiology
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Zinc supplements can treat or prevent enteric infections and diarrheal disease. Many articles on zinc in bacteria, however, highlight the essential nature of this metal for bacterial growth and virulence, suggesting that zinc should make infections worse, not better. To address this paradox, we tested whether zinc might have protective effects on intestinal epithelium as well as on the pathogen. Results: Using polarized monolayers of T84 cells we found that zinc protected against damage induced
doi:10.1186/1471-2180-14-145
pmid:24903402
pmcid:PMC4072484
fatcat:t3d3rmldpvgybbytlxaeji3nfe
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... by hydrogen peroxide, as measured by trans-epithelial electrical resistance. Zinc also reduced peroxide-induced translocation of Shiga toxin (Stx) across T84 monolayers from the apical to basolateral side. Zinc was superior to other divalent metals to (iron, manganese, and nickel) in protecting against peroxide-induced epithelial damage, while copper also showed a protective effect. The SOS bacterial stress response pathway is a powerful regulator of Stx production in STEC. We examined whether zinc's known inhibitory effects on Stx might be mediated by blocking the SOS response. Zinc reduced expression of recA, a reliable marker of the SOS. Zinc was more potent and more efficacious than other metals tested in inhibiting recA expression induced by hydrogen peroxide, xanthine oxidase, or the antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The close correlation between zinc's effects on recA/SOS and on Stx suggested that inhibition of the SOS response is one mechanism by which zinc protects against STEC infection. Conclusions: Zinc's ability to protect against enteric bacterial pathogens may be the result of its combined effects on host tissues as well as inhibition of virulence in some pathogens. Research focused solely on the effects of zinc on pathogenic microbes may give an incomplete picture by failing to account for protective effects of zinc on host epithelia.
Collaborative learning: the effects of trust and open and closed dynamics on consensus and efficacy
2012
Social Psychology of Education
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Cooperative learning and collaborative inquiry have been used in various fields including education (Johnson et al. 2001) , business (Alavi et al. 1995) and conflict resolution (Broome 2004) using ...
Benjamin Broome is Professor in the School of Human Communication at Arizona State University, USA. Dr. ...
doi:10.1007/s11218-012-9202-6
fatcat:zwd4peobojb5vmky7zehyg7hdm
Are neurocognitive factors associated with repetition of self-harm? A systematic review
2017
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
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impair the functioning of the amygdalo-orbitofrontal-cingulate network, thereby preventing the amygdala from inhibiting the OFC and PFC, and the OFC from inhibiting the ACC appropriately (de Cates and Broome ...
targeted treatment of individual neurocognitive deficits, potentially using tailored cognitive therapy, targeted neurophysiological techniques (e.g. brain stimulation) or pharmacotherapy (de Cates and Broome ...
doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.032
pmid:27923730
fatcat:i2fuxjixi5ejffpfn5xkr7zivu
Pyridoxamine Dihydrochloride in Diabetic Nephropathy (PIONEER-CSG-17): Lessons Learned from a Pilot Study
2014
Nephron
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>3 months. Thus, subjects in the pivotal trial must be on ACE/ ARB for 6 months. Frequent antihypertensive adjustment could engender SCr changes unrelated to CKD progression. Thus, we will require subjects to have BP ≤ 150/90 mm Hg and on stable antihypertensives for 26 weeks, or ≤ 140/90 mm Hg and on stable antihypertensives for 13 weeks. Since ΔSCr over 52 weeks is limited as a surrogate outcome, the pivotal trial uses a time-to-event analysis of baseline SCr to at least a 50% increase in SCr
doi:10.1159/000369310
pmid:25532068
fatcat:nxrfyabgbfgijnremftxq5ujgy
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... or ESRD as the primary outcome. This substantial ΔSCr is protected from noise and is clinically relevant. The pyridoxamine pilot provided critical information to inform the design of PIONEER-CSG-17, which we conducted under the SPA agreement with FDA. Introduction Despite the role of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) in delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) [1-3] , many patients still progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). With the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the potential rise in incident ESRD due to DN is costly to our healthcare systems and it negatively impacts the quality of life of our Abstract Background/Aims: Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride (Pyridorin TM ) blocks pathogenic oxidative pathways in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The pyridoxamine pilot study was designed to test entry criteria and outcomes. Subjects had SCr 1.3-3.5 mg/dl, protein-to-creatinine ≥ 1,200 mg/g and used a surrogate outcome of ΔSCr over 52 weeks. Subjects had to be on a maximally tolerated dose of ACE/ ARB for 3 months; stable other antihypertensive doses for 2 months; stable diuretic dose for 2 weeks, and BP ≤ 160/90 mm Hg; or enter a Pharmaco-Stabilization Phase (PSP). This pilot failed to detect an effect on ΔSCr in intent-to-treat analysis. Methods: We queried the locked clinical trial database for subgroups in which there was a treatment effect. Results: Subjects not requiring PSP and those with entry SCr <2.0 mg/ dl had a treatment effect. Subjects entering PSP required more changes in antihypertensive medications and experienced larger ΔSCr over 52 weeks. PSP subjects with BP >140/90 mm Hg had no treatment effect, but those ≤ 140/90 mm Hg did. Conclusion: Time required for acute effects of ACE/ARB to stabilize is unknown, but these data suggest
Consulting with Citizens in the Design of Wellbeing Measures and Policies: Lessons from a Systems Science Application
2014
Social Indicators Research
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& Christakis, 1988; Broome & Cromer, 1991) , and training facilitators (Broome & Fulbright, 1995) . ...
Department of Defence's acquisition process (Alberts, 1992) , promoting world peace (Christakis, 1987) , improving the Tribal governance process in Native American communities (Broome, 1995; Broome ...
doi:10.1007/s11205-014-0764-x
fatcat:ra7kh2g6uvcxhaz4xrnqtwepxu
Multiphoton quantum interference in a multiport integrated photonic device
2013
Nature Communications
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Increasing the complexity of quantum photonic devices is essential for many optical information processing applications to reach a regime beyond what can be classically simulated, and integrated photonics has emerged as a leading platform for achieving this. Here, we demonstrate three-photon quantum operation of an integrated device containing three coupled interferometers, eight spatial modes and many classical and nonclassical interferences. This represents a critical advance over previous
doi:10.1038/ncomms2349
pmid:23322044
fatcat:vpp42wnw5bhatl765zwhqmzkx4
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... plexities and the first on-chip nonclassical interference with more than two photonic inputs. We introduce a new scheme to verify quantum behaviour, using classically characterised device elements and hierarchies of photon correlation functions. We accurately predict the device's quantum behaviour and show operation inconsistent with both classical and bi-separable quantum models. Such methods for verifying multiphoton quantum behaviour are vital for achieving increased circuit complexity. Our experiment paves the way for the next generation of integrated photonic quantum simulation and computing devices.
Practical Aspects of Cavitation [and Discussion]
1966
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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Broom Do cavitation pits exhibit cracks ?
F. G. Hammitt We have not yet made any experiments to relate cavitation damage to absorbed air content, although we plan such tests in the future. ...
doi:10.1098/rsta.1966.0050
fatcat:beiyjagejrcepdgp7riy3k2itu
A standardized method to determine the concentration of extracellular vesicles using tunable resistive pulse sensing
2016
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
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Understanding the pathogenic role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in disease and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic utility is extremely reliant on in-depth quantification, measurement and identification of EV sub-populations. Quantification of EVs has presented several challenges, predominantly due to the small size of vesicles such as exosomes and the availability of various technologies to measure nanosized particles, each technology having its own limitations. Materials and Methods:
doi:10.3402/jev.v5.31242
pmid:27680301
pmcid:PMC5040823
fatcat:ejpzn47zdbbw7nfrvhl7jeoeea
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... A standardized methodology to measure the concentration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been developed and tested. The method is based on measuring the EV concentration as a function of a defined size range. Blood plasma EVs are isolated and purified using size exclusion columns (qEV) and consecutively measured with tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS). Six independent research groups measured liposome and EV samples with the aim to evaluate the developed methodology. Each group measured identical samples using up to 5 nanopores with 3 repeat measurements per pore. Descriptive statistics and unsupervised multivariate data analysis with principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate reproducibility across the groups and to explore and visualise possible patterns and outliers in EV and liposome data sets. Results: PCA revealed good reproducibility within and between laboratories, with few minor outlying samples. Measured mean liposome (not filtered with qEV) and EV (filtered with qEV) concentrations had coefficients of variance of 23.9% and 52.5%, respectively. The increased variance of the EV concentration measurements could be attributed to the use of qEVs and the polydisperse nature of EVs. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of this standardized methodology to facilitate comparable and reproducible EV concentration measurements.
Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue Is an Endocrine Organ that Contributes to Increased Circulating Adiponectin during Caloric Restriction
2014
Cell Metabolism
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The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin promotes metabolic and cardiovascular health. Circulating adiponectin increases in lean states such as caloric restriction (CR), but the reasons for this paradox remain unclear. Unlike white adipose tissue (WAT), bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) increases during CR, and both MAT and serum adiponectin increase in many other clinical conditions. Thus, we investigated whether MAT contributes to circulating adiponectin. We find that adiponectin secretion is
doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.06.003
pmid:24998914
pmcid:PMC4126847
fatcat:4owcqftqwjfmxp2qqsmppta7du
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... greater from MAT than WAT. Notably, specific inhibition of MAT formation in mice results in decreased circulating adiponectin during CR despite unaltered adiponectin expression in WAT. Inhibiting MAT formation also alters skeletal muscle adaptation to CR, suggesting that MAT exerts systemic effects. Finally, we reveal that both MAT and serum adiponectin increase during cancer therapy in humans. These observations identify MAT as an endocrine organ that contributes significantly to increased serum adiponectin during CR and perhaps in other adverse states.
Variants of the elongator protein 3 ( ELP3 ) gene are associated with motor neuron degeneration
2008
Human Molecular Genetics
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Fantasy around learning and employment prospects-a case from Australia [Pg. 94]
unpublished
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Ireland currently has no national wellbeing index and there is a strong consensus that this is a barrier to wellbeing in Ireland (Hogan & Broome, 2012) . ...
Online resources A
Citizens for health advocacy: Exploring options for learning in the context of healthcare reform in Hong Kong Benjamin Tak-Yuen Chan Lingnan University Hong Kong Hong Kong is known ...
fatcat:arl2xw6a2vf7lgfcz7tfdjz7vy
Page 156 of National Union Catalog Vol. 20, Issue
[page]
1942
National Union Catalog
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(Half-title: Mc- Graw- Hit series 1n education; Harold Benjamin, consulting editor)
Includes bibliographies.
1. Grading and marking (Students) 2. Education—Stat. 3. ...
(Hal/-title: McGraw- Hill series in education ; Harold Benjamin, consulting editor)
Saseeraatient foot-notes. “Readings for further study” at end of each chapter
1. ...
Page 670 of The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute Vol. 9, Issue 4
[page]
2003
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
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The women, carrying brooms and dustpans, looked as if they had been unexpectedly caught cleaning the hall. ...
Correctly performed, the stapdans involved women carrying brooms, dish- cloths, and basins while men carried axes or spades. It demonstrated that both men and women should work in their homes. ...
Page 197 of Archives of Useful Knowledge Vol. 3, Issue 2
[page]
1812
Archives of Useful Knowledge
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Marshall Lewis, of Chenango, Broome county, New York, in saw mills, May 24.
Charles Woolverton and Benjamin Ridgway, jun’r. of Morris Villa, Pennsylvania, a machine for dressing mill stones, May 24. ...
NAMES OF PATENTEES. 197
John Rewey, of Berkshire, Broome county, New York, ma- chine for cutting off the ends of bolts, &c., May 8. ...
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