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The contribution of the study of neurodegenerative disorders to the understanding of human memory
2004
QJM: Quarterly journal of medicine
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The investigation of human memory in neurodegenerative disorders suggests that the interaction of networks subserving episodic memory, semantic memory, and working memory contributes to higher level cognition ...
Memory impairment is one of the most common complaints affecting patients with neurodegenerative disorders, and its investigation has provided insights into the function and properties of human memory. ...
Semantic dementia, a form of lobar atrophy involving the temporal lobe neocortex, has relative sparing of the hippocampal complex, and such patients have selective impairment of semantic knowledge, which ...
doi:10.1093/qjmed/hch096
pmid:15317924
fatcat:agzrhmjp45amdpzuivau65dfea
Analyzing Knowledge Retrieval Impairments Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Using Network Analyses
2019
Complexity
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These results suggest that the semantic memory impairment of Alzheimer's patients can be modeled through the inclusion of spurious associations between unrelated concepts in the semantic store. ...
A defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease is difficulty in retrieving semantic memories, or memories encoding facts and knowledge. ...
Department of Energy's Office of Science. Support for this research was provided by NIH R21AG0534676 and the Office of the VCGRE at UW-Madison with funding from the WARF. ...
doi:10.1155/2019/4203158
pmid:31341377
pmcid:PMC6656530
fatcat:6cz2i3ifbnavhlo5i5azirsal4
The neurophysiological architecture of semantic dementia: spectral dynamic causal modelling of a neurodegenerative proteinopathy
2020
Scientific Reports
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the key elements of distributed neuronal processing that underwrite semantic memory. ...
We assessed how the effective connectivity of the semantic appraisal network targeted by this disease was modulated by pathogenic protein deposition and by two key phenotypic factors, semantic impairment ...
Work in SD-the principal 'lesion model' of human semantic memory-has corroborated this picture. ...
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72847-1
pmid:33004840
pmcid:PMC7530731
fatcat:od3fins6m5dtnealsqfoycvvxe
Evidence of multiple memory systems in the human brain
1993
Brain
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These data are in agreement with 'neural network' models of the neural basis of cognition, according to which complex functions are subserved by multiple interconnected cortical and subcortical structures ...
In the neuropsychological tests, both global amnesia and Alzheimer's disease patients had impaired episodic long-term memory, while deficits of short-term, semantic and implicit memory were present only ...
best predictive model of memory impairment. ...
doi:10.1093/brain/116.4.903
pmid:8353715
fatcat:z7mqnurnkzffnd54t5pshpfn4i
Language in Schizophrenia Part 2: What Can Psycholinguistics Bring to the Study of Schizophrenia…and Vice Versa?
2010
Language and Linguistics Compass
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This article reviews a selection of psycholinguistic studies which suggest that sentence-level abnormalities in schizophrenia may stem from a relative overdependence on semantic associative relationships ...
memory and the other involving the use of combinatorial mechanisms to build propositional meaning. ...
Patients' impairment in comprehending syntactically complex sentences correlates with their poor performance on a verbal working memory (WM) span task. ...
doi:10.1111/j.1749-818x.2010.00217.x
pmid:20824153
pmcid:PMC2932455
fatcat:oxab2i4rbna57hdtx3ixdllvtm
Phonology and syntax in specific language impairment: Evidence from a connectionist model
2003
Brain and Language
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Anaphoric resolution was represented in this model by recognizing the semantics of the correct antecedent when a bound pronoun was input. ...
The model provides a causal demonstration of how a perceptual deficit could give rise to grammatical deficits in SLI. ...
This theory is explored in-depth below, where we review the literature on phonology and working memory in sentence processing and then develop a model that explores the effects of a phonological impairment ...
doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00533-3
pmid:12821414
fatcat:yfr7eofkzjf5pat37zi4ce37gm
A computational model of semantic memory impairment: Modality specificity and emergent category specificity
1991
Journal of experimental psychology. General
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A parallel distributed processing model of semantic memory in which knowledge is subdivided by modality into visual and functional components is described. ...
It is demonstrated how a modality-specific semantic memory system can account for categoryspecific impairments after brain damage. ...
However, we have shown that a simple model of semantic memory with only modalityspecific components can account for all three types of category-specific semantic memory impairment that have been observed ...
doi:10.1037/0096-3445.120.4.339
fatcat:ry2pwlm4cvhe7ln6rlihimn7nm
A computational model of semantic memory impairment: Modality specificity and emergent category specificity
1991
Journal of experimental psychology. General
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A parallel distributed processing model of semantic memory in which knowledge is subdivided by modality into visual and functional components is described. ...
It is demonstrated how a modality-specific semantic memory system can account for categoryspecific impairments after brain damage. ...
However, we have shown that a simple model of semantic memory with only modalityspecific components can account for all three types of category-specific semantic memory impairment that have been observed ...
doi:10.1037//0096-3445.120.4.339
pmid:1837294
fatcat:qehrgeeudrchjopsalwwkj3sw4
Role for memory capacity in sentence comprehension: Evidence from acute stroke
2014
Aphasiology
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Furthermore, ischemia that included the short-term/working memory network was sufficient to cause sentence comprehension impairments for syntactically complex sentences. ...
Aims-The present study examined the hypothesis that severity of short-term memory deficit due to acute stroke predicts the severity of impairment in the comprehension of syntactically complex sentences ...
One of the most broadly applied models describing limited-capacity retention and manipulation of information is Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) model of working memory (see Baddeley, 2012 , for a recent ...
doi:10.1080/02687038.2014.919436
pmid:25221377
pmcid:PMC4158714
fatcat:vugpit2gjjbbrgg5aw74y5mkzy
The Pivotal Role of Semantic Memory in Remembering the Past and Imagining the Future
2013
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
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Episodic memory refers to a complex and multifaceted process which enables the retrieval of richly detailed evocative memories from the past. ...
In contrast, semantic memory is conceptualized as the retrieval of general conceptual knowledge divested of a specific spatiotemporal context. ...
Converging evidence now points to the role of large-scale neural networks in subtending complex cognitive processes, and the intriguing possibility that semantic processing may play a central role in all ...
doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00027
pmid:23565081
pmcid:PMC3615221
fatcat:rpblobzgzrc27eqq5wmgvs7pyy
Brain and Language: Evidence for Neural Multifunctionality
2014
Behavioural Neurology
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In this paper the term "neural multifunctionality" refers to incorporation of nonlinguistic functions into language models of the intact brain, reflecting a multifunctional perspective whereby a constant ...
By way of example, we consider effects of executive system functions on aspects of semantic processing among persons with and without aphasia, as well as the interaction of executive and language functions ...
Support for this research was provided by the National Institutes of Health, NIDCD Grant 5P30DC005207 (PI: Albert), Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center, NIA Grant 5R01AG14345 (PIs: Albert and Obler ...
doi:10.1155/2014/260381
pmid:25009368
pmcid:PMC4070396
fatcat:jiwo5rz2zjgw7jjy4xjuijt4pq
Relationship between cortical microinfarcts and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease
2012
Dementia & Neuropsychologia
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stress and inflammation, particularly in the watershed areas of the tertiary association cortex, and hence could damage cognition networks and explain many of AD's cognitive and behavioral disturbances ...
The main cause of cortical MIs is chronic cerebral hypoperfusion but occlusive vascular diseases, embolism and blood-brain barrier disruptions, isolated or combined, may also play a role. ...
Even access to the meaning itself (semantic representation or semantic memory) entails a complex co-activation of all of the relevant features of the object (visual, smell, motion, how humans use it, etc ...
doi:10.1590/s1980-57642012dn06030004
pmid:29213786
pmcid:PMC5618959
fatcat:ocqtqqm5mvbjdnrik6n442azy4
Knowledge Representations Derived From Semantic Fluency Data
2022
Frontiers in Psychology
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The semantic fluency task is commonly used as a measure of one's ability to retrieve semantic concepts. ...
I provide an overview of this methodology, using Alzheimer's disease as a case study for how the approach can help advance theoretical questions about the nature of semantic representation. ...
between different types of memory impairments. ...
doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.815860
pmid:35360609
pmcid:PMC8963473
fatcat:bezw6vo4tfcnzfsn4gxxc34ec4
Disorders of semantic memory
1997
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry
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The idea of a degenerative process "pruning back the semantic tree" has an obvious intuitive appeal, but an alternative model, the distributed feature network, predicts the same phenomenon in a different ...
A pattern of consistency over testing sessions, together with item specific failure on a range of tests, suggests semantic memory impairment. ...
doi:10.1136/jnnp.62.5.431
pmid:9153596
pmcid:PMC486839
fatcat:y3a5joqsszbmbo6lc5nwd2r74m
The Heterogeneity of Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
1996
Canadian journal of psychiatry
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Method: The components of the human memory system are described, and then a review of the various memory deficits identified among patients suffering from schizophrenia is presented. ...
Objective: To characterize the memory dysfunction of schizophrenic patients. ...
author, from the Medical Research Council of Canada. ...
doi:10.1177/070674379604100703
pmid:8884047
fatcat:7sqjmymg5zbt5ccl3jvpot3pca
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