Subphthalocyanine‐Diketopyrrolopyrrole Conjugates: 3D Star‐Shaped Systems as Non‐Fullerene Acceptors in Polymer Solar Cells with High Open‐Circuit Voltage
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Maria J. Álvaro‐Martins,
José G. Sánchez,
Giulia Lavarda,
Desiré Molina,
Josep Pallarès,
Tomás Torres,
Lluis F. Marsal,
Ángela Sastre-Santos
Abstract
Four star-shaped electron acceptors (C1 -OPh, C3 -OPh, C1 -Cl and C3 -Cl) based on a subphthalocyanine core bearing three diketopyrrolopyrrole wings linked by an acetylene bridge have been synthesized. These derivatives feature two different axial substituents (i. e., 4-tert-butylphenoxy (OPh) or chlorine (Cl)) and for each of them, both the C1 and the C3 regioisomers have been investigated. The four compounds exhibit a broad absorption band in the 450-700 nm region, with bandgap values near to 2 eV. These materials were applied in the active layer of inverted bulk-heterojunction polymer solar cells in combination with the donor polymer PBDB-T. Derivatives bearing the OPh axial group showed the best performances, with C1 -OPh being the most promising with a PCE of 3.27 % and a Voc as high as 1.17 V. Despite presenting the widest absorption range, the photovoltaic results obtained with C1 -Cl turned out to be the lowest (PCE=1.01 %).
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