Pembuatan Yoghurt Bubuk Susu Kedelai (Glycine max L.Meriil) Menggunakan Metode Foam Mat Drying dengan Penambahan Maltodekstrin Sebagai Bahan Penyalut release_rr4ba7tfxncxlc6qx62n44igam

by Rihma Nur Hayati, Isyqi Aulia Rohmah, Khoirus Sa'adah, Septiani Nurul Hikmawati, Iffah Muflihati

Published in METANA by Institute of Research and Community Services Diponegoro University (LPPM UNDIP).

2024   Volume 20, Issue 1, p27-39

Abstract

Susu kedelai merupakan produk dari protein nabati yaitu sari kacang kedelai yang dapat diolah lebih lanjut menjadi produk fermentasi berupa yoghurt namun masa simpan relatif rendah apabila disimpan disuhu ruang. Metode pengeringan merupakan metode yang sesuai untuk memperpanjang umur simpan yoghurt susu kedelai. Salah satu metode pengeringan yang dapat menghasilkan produk tersebut adalah foam mat drying. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia, mikrobiologi dan sensoris yoghurt bubuk susu kedelai. Tahapan awal pembuatan yoghurt bubuk susu kedelai dilakukan dengan proses fermentasi susu kedelai, kemudian dilanjutkan metode pengeringan dengan penambahan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin. Langkah selanjutnya yaitu proses pengeringan menggunakan metode foam mat drying. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin dapat menurunkan kadar air, TAT, nilai a* dan nilai b*, namun dapat meningkatkan kadar protein, kadar lemak, nilai L*, dan total mikroba. Penambahan tween 80 dan maltodekstrin tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap warna kuning, warna putih, rasa manis, rasa asam, aroma yoghurt, dan aroma kedelai berdasarkan uji sensoris. Soy milk is a product of vegetable protein, namely soy bean juice, which can be further processed into a fermented product in the form of yoghurt, but its shelf life is relatively low when stored at room temperature. The drying method is a suitable method to extend the shelf life of soy milk yoghurt. One drying method that can produce this product is foam mat drying. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of maltodextrin and tween 80 concentrations on the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of soy milk powdered yoghurt. The initial stage of making soy milk powdered yoghurt is carried out using the soy milk fermentation process, then followed by the drying method with the addition of Tween 80 and maltodextrin. The next step is the drying process using the foam mat drying method. The results showed that increasing tween 80 and maltodextrin could reduce water content, TAT, a* value and b* value, but could increase protein content, fat content, L* value and total microbes. The addition of tween 80 and maltodextrin had no effect on yellow color, white color, sweet taste, sour taste, yoghurt aroma and soybean aroma based on sensory tests. 
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