Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhanced the growth, immune and antioxidative responses of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) release_pypmp3nunjctzjcxwi74j4vxnm

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> The concept of probiotics is widely applied in the field of aquaculture for their beneficial and friendly influences. In this sense, the role of <jats:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</jats:italic> on the growth, immune and antioxidative responses of European seabass was tested in this study. Fish were distributed in 3 groups (triplicates) with ten fish in each replicate and fed 0, 1, and 2 g/kg of <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> (15×10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup> CFU/g) for 90 days. Fish fed <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> showed higher final body, weight gain, and specific growth rate as well as lower FCR than fish fed the basal diet (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05). The RBCs, WBCs, Hb, and PCV values were increased in fish fed dietary <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> when compared to the control (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05). The blood total protein, albumin, and globulin were higher in fish fed <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> than the control (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05). Fish fed dietary <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> had enhanced phagocytic index, phagocytic, and lysozyme activity comparing the control. In a similar sense, the antioxidative enzymes (SOD, GPx, and CAT) were higher in fish fed <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> than the control (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05). However, the level of MDA was lowered (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05) by <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> in European seabass. Gene expression of <jats:italic>IL-8</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL-1β, GH</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IGF-1</jats:italic> was upregulated and <jats:italic>HSP70</jats:italic> was downregulated by <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt;0.05). It can be concluded that European seabass fed <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae</jats:italic> at 1-2 g/kg (15×10<jats:sup>9</jats:sup> CFU/g) diet had markedly enhanced growth, haemato-biochemical, and immune performances.
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