Application of a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction unit - Extraction of Iris germanica L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. release_nganqtlok5fwlj5vptg7cyvb2e

Abstract

This dissertation deals with the investigation and optimization of new and existing extraction methods in regard to the principles of "green extraction" and "green chemistry". The thesis consists of three major topics. In the first part, the application of a supercritical fluid extraction unit is described, whereas in the second part the unit is used to extract odorants from iris (Iris germanica L.) rhizomes. The third part deals with the extraction and application of antioxidants from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) leaves. Over the last years, new sustainable and green extraction methods became more and more important. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with carbon dioxide is an alternative technique to conventional methods for plant extraction. The first topic deals with the planning and installation of a new supercritical fluid extraction unit. In detail, this unit was purchased from Separex/France and is a major part of the new research topic "plant extractions" at the "Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry" of the University Regensburg. This device enables extractions with supercritical carbon dioxide up to 1,000 bar and 150 °C. Also pressurized solvent extraction with water, ethanol, and other solvents up to 400 bar and 250 °C, are feasible. In addition, a combination of both techniques can be performed. Furthermore, the fractionation of the extract can be achieved by two separators. The construction with the different components of the extraction unit is described in Chapter 5. This section is considered to be a handbook and instruction manual for the handling of the unit for future PhD students. Besides, some troubles with the unit and the corresponding troubleshooting will be described. The main aim of the second part of this thesis was the establishment of a new extraction method to obtain iris butter, the essential oil of iris rhizomes. Supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide was used as an alternative technique to conventional extraction methods. The research was focused o [...]
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