@article{fisher_jevotovsky_raviv_love_2022, 
  title={Quantifying the Impact of COVID-19 "Lockdown" on Physical Activity in Children and Adults with Implanted Cardiac Rhythm Devices: A Single Center Experience Using Cardiac Rhythm Device Accelerometer Data}, 
  DOI={10.3390/covid2090089}, 
  abstractNote={<jats:p>Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the US states of New York and New Jersey instituted a "lockdown" that closed schools and most businesses except for essential services. The public was urged to remain at home. The 78-day lockdown period extended from 22 March 2020 to 6 June 2020. We sought to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on continuously recorded physical activity in our patients with congenital heart disease with implanted cardiac rhythm management (CRM) devices—pacemakers (PPM), defibrillators (ICD) and implantable loop recorders (ILR) enabled with accelerometers that translate motion into a measure of active hours/day. Methods: All patients from our congenital CRM database with accelerometer-enabled devices who had stable cardiac status residing in NY and NJ were included. Forty-one patients met the inclusion criteria; the median age was 29.6 years (range 7–60); 54% female; 23 ICD, 15 PPM and 3 ILR. The patient activity was averaged for the 2 months prior to lockdown, during the lockdown, and the 2 months afterward. Paired t-tests were used to compare activity before and during lockdown, and before and after lockdown. Each patient served as his/her own control. Results: Active hours/day decreased by a mean of 32% (±27%) from baseline (p &lt; 0.001). A total of 32 patients experienced a decline, 6 had no change and 3 had an increase. Active hours rebounded after lockdown and were unchanged compared to pre-lockdown levels. Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown in NY/NJ during the Spring of 2020 resulted in a significant drop in active hours/day in children and adults with congenital heart disease. Active hours/day rebounded to baseline after restrictions were lifted.</jats:p>}, 
  publisher={MDPI AG}, 
  author={Fisher, Rebecca and Jevotovsky, David and Raviv, Jessica and Love, Barry}, 
  year={2022}, 
  month={Aug}
  }