Molecular Study of Lactobacilli Species in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus release_clir2fyrtnhatls7xacg3bfq2m

Abstract

<jats:sec> <jats:title>Background:</jats:title> Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies due to disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Egypt is among the top 10 countries with a high prevalence of T2DM (15.56% of adults). There are studies that show a link between the diversity of the gut microbiota and the development of T2DM. There are species of <jats:italic>Lactobacilli</jats:italic> that inhabit the gut that might differ in patients with T2DM compared to healthy subjects. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Objective:</jats:title> The aim of the present research is to study the presence of <jats:italic>Lactobacilli</jats:italic> species in gut microbiota by multiplex PCR in patients with T2DM compared to healthy controls as a preliminary approach to open the way for future treatment with the help of probiotics or diet modulation. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Methods:</jats:title> A retrograde case-control study was conducted on 79 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy controls cross-matched with age and sex. All patients were subjected to full clinical examination and laboratory tests, including identification of stool Lactobacillus species by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results:</jats:title> Certain species of <jats:italic>L. acidophilus</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus</jats:italic> were found to be significantly increased in patients with T2DM (67.1%, 50.6% respectively) compared to control subjects (35%, P=0.001, OR 3.8, 95% CI:2.1-7.1, 25%, P=0.001, OR 3.1, 95% CI:1.64-5.8 respectively). Other species as determined by multiplex PCR, namely, <jats:italic>L. gasseri</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>(70%, P=0.001, OR 0.16, 95% CI: 0.1-0.3), L. reuteri (74%, P=0.001, OR 0.28, 95% CI: 0.5-0.53),</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. plantarum (69%, P=0.003, OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.073-0.22)</jats:italic> were significantly higher in prevalence in control compared to patients with T2DM. </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title> The present study highlights the significant prevalence of certain species of <jats:italic>Lactobacilli</jats:italic> in gut as determined by multiplex PCR, namely <jats:italic>L. gasseri</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>L. reuteri</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. plantarum</jats:italic> in controls compared to patients with T2DM. These species may have a role in the reduction of certain risk factors associated with the development of T2DM. Moreover, certain species of <jats:italic>L. acidophilus, L. delbrueckii</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus</jats:italic> were significantly increased in prevalence in patients with T2DM. The findings of this preliminary study need further verification by a larger longitudinal study. </jats:sec>
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