ADSORPSI LOGAM Pb(II) MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN RUMPUT GAJAH TERAKTIVASI release_b5iedyrgzjbctcysqk4j4lr7hm

by R. W. R. Annisa, Hasri *, D. E. Pratiwi

Published in Jurnal Kimia (Journal of Chemistry) by Universitas Udayana.

2024   p22

Abstract

        Rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) merupakan tanaman liar yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Rumput gajah mengandung selulosa yang cukup tinggi, dengan gugus hidroksil (OH-) dan karboksil (-COOH) yang memiliki kemampuan mengikat logam berat. Oleh karena itu rumput gajah berpeluang dijadikan adsorben untuk menyerap logam berat khususnya logam Pb(II) yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penentuan pH dan waktu kontak optimum serta kapasitas adsorpsi Pb(II) menggunakan adsorben rumput gajah. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pembuatan adsorben rumput gajah, aktivasi adsorben dengan HNO3, penentuan pH optimum, waktu kontak optimum serta kapasitas adsorpsi logam Pb(II). Selanjutnya gugus fungsi adsorben pada saat sebelum dan setelah aktivasi ditentukan dengan FTIR. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum adsorpsi logam Pb(II) adalah 7 dan daya adsorpsi sebesar 95,60%. Waktu kontak optimum yaitu 60 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi logam Pb(II) dengan konsentrasi 10, 30, 50 dan 100 ppm berturut-turut adalah 2,00; 6,67; 10,28 dan 13,05 mg/g. Adsorpsi logam Pb(II) menggunakan adsorben rumput gajah teraktivasi mengikuti pola isoterm Langmuir, dengan nilai R2 = 0,9632. Disimpulkan bahwa rumput gajah teraktivasi dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben logam Pb(II). Kata kunci: rumput gajah, asam nitrat, adsorpsi, logam berat. ABSTRACT                     Elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) is a wild plant that has not been utilized optimally. Elephant grass contains relatively high levels of cellulose, with hydroxyl (OH-) and carboxyl (-COOH) groups which can bind heavy metals. Therefore, elephant grass can be used as an adsorbent to absorb heavy metals, especially Pb(II) metal, which pollutes the environment. This research included preparing elephant grass adsorbent, activating the adsorbent with HNO3, determining the optimum pH, contact time, and the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) metal. Furthermore, the functional groups of the adsorbent before and after activation were analyzed using FTIR. The results showed that the optimum pH for adsorbing Pb(II) metal was 7, and the adsorption capacity was 95.60%. The optimum contact time was 60 minutes. The adsorption capacity of Pb(II) metal with concentrations of 10, 30, 50, and 100 ppm was 2.00, 6.67, 10.28, and 13.05 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption of Pb(II) metal using activated elephant grass followed the Langmuir isotherm pattern, with R2 value of 0.9632. In conclusion, activated elephant grass can be utilized as an adsorbent for Ph(II) metal. Keywords: elephant grass, nitric acid, adsorption, heavy metals.
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