Interaction between Early in Ovo Stimulation of the Gut Microbiota and Chicken Host – Splenic Changes in Gene Expression and Methylation release_434fww6jfjb27ki76bcnfvqauq

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> Background: Epigenetic regulation of the gene expression results from interaction between the external environment and transcription of the genetic information encoded in DNA. Methylated CpG regions within the gene promoters lead to silencing of the gene expression. Factors contributing to epigenetic regulation include intestinal microbiota, which in chicken can be potently modified by <jats:italic>in ovo</jats:italic> stimulation. The main aim of this study was to determine global and specific methylation patterns for the spleen under the influence of host-microbiome interaction. Results: Incubating eggs were <jats:italic>in ovo</jats:italic> stimulated on day 12 of incubation in two chicken genotypes: Ross broilers and Green-legged Partridgelike. The injected compounds included: probiotic – <jats:italic>Lactococcus lactis </jats:italic>subsp<jats:italic>. cremoris</jats:italic>, prebiotic – galactooligosaccharides, and synbiotic – combination of both. Chickens were sacrificed on day 42 post-hatching. Spleen was collected, RNA and DNA were isolated and intended to gene expression, gene methylation and global methylation analysis. We have proved that negative regulation of gene expression after administration of bioactive substances <jats:italic>in ovo</jats:italic> might have epigenetic character. Epigenetic changes depend on the genotype and the substance administered <jats:italic>in ovo</jats:italic>. Conclusion: Epigenetic nature of microbial reprogramming in poultry and extension of issues related to host-microbiome interaction is a new direction of this research.
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